Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>)
Food pathogens represent an important health threat, and it is relevant to study the effect of foodstuffs such as spices which can inhibit bacterial growth. This study reports the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and enzyme (Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase) inhibitory acti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/12/1768 |
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| author | Alfred Ngenge Tamfu Ozgur Ceylan Selcuk Kucukaydin Mehmet Ozturk Mehmet Emin Duru Rodica Mihaela Dinica |
| author_facet | Alfred Ngenge Tamfu Ozgur Ceylan Selcuk Kucukaydin Mehmet Ozturk Mehmet Emin Duru Rodica Mihaela Dinica |
| author_sort | Alfred Ngenge Tamfu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Food pathogens represent an important health threat, and it is relevant to study the effect of foodstuffs such as spices which can inhibit bacterial growth. This study reports the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and enzyme (Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase) inhibitory activities of two medicinal food spices belonging to the Annonaceae family, <i>Monodora myristica</i> and <i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>. GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) analysis of silylated samples of Methanol-Dicloromethane (50:50) extracts of both plants led to the identification of nine compounds in <i>M. myristica</i> and seven compounds in <i>X. aethiopica</i>. <i>M. myristica</i> and <i>X. aethiopica</i> had the same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.625 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL on <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>E. coli</i>, respectively. However, <i>M. myristica</i> had better activity than <i>X. aethiopica</i> on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, while <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> was more susceptible to <i>X. aethiopica</i> than <i>M. myristica</i>. The lowest MIC value was 0.1325 mg/mL, exhibited by <i>M. myristica</i> on <i>S. aureus</i>. Both extracts showed good antibiofilm activity. On <i>S. aureus</i>, at the same concentration, <i>M. myristica</i> had better antibiofilm activity than <i>X. aethiopica</i>. On <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>X. aethiopica</i> had better antibiofilm activity than <i>M. myristica</i> at the same concentration. <i>X. aethiopica</i> showed better violacein inhibition in <i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i> CV12472, as its percentage inhibition of violacein varied from 80.5% ± 3.0% at MIC to 5.6 ± 0.2 at MIC/8, as compared to <i>M. myristica</i> with 75.1% ± 2.5% at MIC and 15.5% ± 1.1% at MIC/8. The anti-motility activity by swimming and swarming inhibition on <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PA01 was low at test concentrations and in both models, <i>M. myristica</i> showed higher motility inhibition than <i>X. aethiopica</i>. Although in enzyme inhibitory assays all extracts had low inhibitions compared to standards tested at the same concentrations, the results show that these plants can be used to manage food-borne infections. |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf7fe6c8a6cd46c48bf3f5b5f595aa4a2023-11-20T22:49:56ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582020-11-01912176810.3390/foods9121768Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>)Alfred Ngenge Tamfu0Ozgur Ceylan1Selcuk Kucukaydin2Mehmet Ozturk3Mehmet Emin Duru4Rodica Mihaela Dinica5Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, CameroonFood Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48147 Ula Mugla, TurkeyDepartment of Medical Services and Techniques, Koycegiz Vocational School of Health Services, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48800 Mugla, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48000 Mugla, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48000 Mugla, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry Physical and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galati, RomaniaFood pathogens represent an important health threat, and it is relevant to study the effect of foodstuffs such as spices which can inhibit bacterial growth. This study reports the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and enzyme (Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase) inhibitory activities of two medicinal food spices belonging to the Annonaceae family, <i>Monodora myristica</i> and <i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>. GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) analysis of silylated samples of Methanol-Dicloromethane (50:50) extracts of both plants led to the identification of nine compounds in <i>M. myristica</i> and seven compounds in <i>X. aethiopica</i>. <i>M. myristica</i> and <i>X. aethiopica</i> had the same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.625 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL on <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>E. coli</i>, respectively. However, <i>M. myristica</i> had better activity than <i>X. aethiopica</i> on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, while <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> was more susceptible to <i>X. aethiopica</i> than <i>M. myristica</i>. The lowest MIC value was 0.1325 mg/mL, exhibited by <i>M. myristica</i> on <i>S. aureus</i>. Both extracts showed good antibiofilm activity. On <i>S. aureus</i>, at the same concentration, <i>M. myristica</i> had better antibiofilm activity than <i>X. aethiopica</i>. On <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>X. aethiopica</i> had better antibiofilm activity than <i>M. myristica</i> at the same concentration. <i>X. aethiopica</i> showed better violacein inhibition in <i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i> CV12472, as its percentage inhibition of violacein varied from 80.5% ± 3.0% at MIC to 5.6 ± 0.2 at MIC/8, as compared to <i>M. myristica</i> with 75.1% ± 2.5% at MIC and 15.5% ± 1.1% at MIC/8. The anti-motility activity by swimming and swarming inhibition on <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PA01 was low at test concentrations and in both models, <i>M. myristica</i> showed higher motility inhibition than <i>X. aethiopica</i>. Although in enzyme inhibitory assays all extracts had low inhibitions compared to standards tested at the same concentrations, the results show that these plants can be used to manage food-borne infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/12/1768African food spicesGC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry)antimicrobialantibiofilmviolacein inhibitionswarming inhibition |
| spellingShingle | Alfred Ngenge Tamfu Ozgur Ceylan Selcuk Kucukaydin Mehmet Ozturk Mehmet Emin Duru Rodica Mihaela Dinica Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>) Foods African food spices GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) antimicrobial antibiofilm violacein inhibition swarming inhibition |
| title | Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>) |
| title_full | Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>) |
| title_short | Antibiofilm and Enzyme Inhibitory Potentials of Two Annonaceous Food Spices, African Pepper (<i>Xylopia aethiopica</i>) and African Nutmeg (<i>Monodora myristica</i>) |
| title_sort | antibiofilm and enzyme inhibitory potentials of two annonaceous food spices african pepper i xylopia aethiopica i and african nutmeg i monodora myristica i |
| topic | African food spices GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) antimicrobial antibiofilm violacein inhibition swarming inhibition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/12/1768 |
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