Simulation-Based Assessment of Energy Consumption of Alternative Powertrains in Agricultural Tractors

The objectives of this research were to develop simulation models for agricultural tractors with different powertrain technologies and evaluate the energy consumption in typical agricultural operations. Simulation models were developed for conventional, parallel hybrid electric, series hybrid electr...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Antti Lajunen, Klaus Kivekäs, Vincent Freyermuth, Ram Vijayagopal, Namdoo Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-02-01
Series:World Electric Vehicle Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/3/86