Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize Slippage
This article presents a design and performance analysis of an Electronic Differential (ED) system designed for Light Electric Vehicles (LEVs). We have developed a test tricycle vehicle with one front steering wheel and two rear fixed units in the same axis with a brushless DC (BLDC) motor integrated...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/10/2/23 |
| _version_ | 1811263129651249152 |
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| author | Alfonso Gago-Calderón Lucia Clavero-Ordóñez Jose Ramón Andrés-Díaz Jose Fernández-Ramos |
| author_facet | Alfonso Gago-Calderón Lucia Clavero-Ordóñez Jose Ramón Andrés-Díaz Jose Fernández-Ramos |
| author_sort | Alfonso Gago-Calderón |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents a design and performance analysis of an Electronic Differential (ED) system designed for Light Electric Vehicles (LEVs). We have developed a test tricycle vehicle with one front steering wheel and two rear fixed units in the same axis with a brushless DC (BLDC) motor integrated in each of them. Each motor has an independent controller unit and a common electronic Arduino CPU that can plan specific speeds for each wheel as curves are being traced. Different implementations of sensors (input current/torque, steering angle and speed of the wheels) are discussed related to their hardware complexity and performance based on speed level requirements and slipping on the traction wheels. Two driving circuits were generated (slalom and circular routes) and driven at different speeds, monitoring and recording all the related parameters of the vehicle. The most representative graphs obtained are presented. The analysis of these data presents a significant change of the behaviour of the control capability of the ED when the lineal speed of the vehicle makes a change of direction that passes 10 Km/h. In this situation, to obtain good performance of the ED, it is necessary to include sensors related to the wheels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:39:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d0d8867a9f8449efa8e7b3158bdc3004 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2032-6653 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:39:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-d0d8867a9f8449efa8e7b3158bdc30042022-12-22T03:19:08ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532019-05-011022310.3390/wevj10020023wevj10020023Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize SlippageAlfonso Gago-Calderón0Lucia Clavero-Ordóñez1Jose Ramón Andrés-Díaz2Jose Fernández-Ramos3Department of Graphic Expression, Design and Projects, Universidad of Málaga, 29016 Malaga, SpainDepartment of Electronics, Universidad of Málaga, 29016 Malaga, SpainDepartment of Graphic Expression, Design and Projects, Universidad of Málaga, 29016 Malaga, SpainDepartment of Electronics, Universidad of Málaga, 29016 Malaga, SpainThis article presents a design and performance analysis of an Electronic Differential (ED) system designed for Light Electric Vehicles (LEVs). We have developed a test tricycle vehicle with one front steering wheel and two rear fixed units in the same axis with a brushless DC (BLDC) motor integrated in each of them. Each motor has an independent controller unit and a common electronic Arduino CPU that can plan specific speeds for each wheel as curves are being traced. Different implementations of sensors (input current/torque, steering angle and speed of the wheels) are discussed related to their hardware complexity and performance based on speed level requirements and slipping on the traction wheels. Two driving circuits were generated (slalom and circular routes) and driven at different speeds, monitoring and recording all the related parameters of the vehicle. The most representative graphs obtained are presented. The analysis of these data presents a significant change of the behaviour of the control capability of the ED when the lineal speed of the vehicle makes a change of direction that passes 10 Km/h. In this situation, to obtain good performance of the ED, it is necessary to include sensors related to the wheels.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/10/2/23electronic differentiallight electric vehiclesmicro-controlled CPUtorque controlsensor feedback |
| spellingShingle | Alfonso Gago-Calderón Lucia Clavero-Ordóñez Jose Ramón Andrés-Díaz Jose Fernández-Ramos Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize Slippage World Electric Vehicle Journal electronic differential light electric vehicles micro-controlled CPU torque control sensor feedback |
| title | Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize Slippage |
| title_full | Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize Slippage |
| title_fullStr | Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize Slippage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize Slippage |
| title_short | Hardware Architecture and Configuration Parameters of a Low Weight Electronic Differential for Light Electric Vehicles with Two Independent Wheel Drive to Minimize Slippage |
| title_sort | hardware architecture and configuration parameters of a low weight electronic differential for light electric vehicles with two independent wheel drive to minimize slippage |
| topic | electronic differential light electric vehicles micro-controlled CPU torque control sensor feedback |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/10/2/23 |
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