Activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) pathways in response to Ref-1 inhibition in human pancreatic cancer and its tumor microenvironment

Pancreatic cancer or pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a profound inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) with high heterogeneity, metastatic propensity, and extreme hypoxia. The integrated stress response (ISR) pathway features a family of protein kinases that phosphoryl...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mahmut Mijit, Megan Boner, Ricardo A. Cordova, Silpa Gampala, Eyram Kpenu, Angela J. Klunk, Chi Zhang, MarK R. Kelley, Kirk A. Staschke, Melissa L. Fishel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1146115/full