Challenges for the development of a universal vaccine against leptospirosis revealed by the evaluation of 22 vaccine candidates

Leptospirosis is a neglected disease of man and animals that affects nearly half a million people annually and causes considerable economic losses. Current human vaccines are inactivated whole-cell preparations (bacterins) of Leptospira spp. that provide strong homologous protection yet fail to indu...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mara A. C. Maia, Everton B. Bettin, Liana N. Barbosa, Natasha R. de Oliveira, Tiffany T. Bunde, Ana Carolina K. Pedra, Guilherme A. Rosa, Elias E. B. da Rosa, Amilton C. P. Seixas Neto, André A. Grassmann, Johnjoe McFadden, Odir A. Dellagostin, Alan J. A. McBride
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-01
Series:Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.940966/full