The Qualitative Analysis of Host–Parasitoid Model with Inclusion of Spatial Refuge Effect

The objective of this work was to investigate the dynamics of host–parasitoid model with spatial refuge effect. For this, two discrete host–parasitoid models were considered under spatial refuge effect. Suppose that a constant population of hosts may seek refuge and protection from an attack of para...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Shabbir, Qamar Din, Wafa F. Alfwzan, Manuel De la Sen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-03-01
Series:Axioms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/3/290