The Use of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring for Cervical Spine Surgery: Indications, Challenges, and Advances
Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has become an indispensable surgical adjunct in cervical spine procedures to minimize surgical complications. Understanding the historical development of IONM, indications for use, associated pitfalls, and recent developments will allow the surgeon to better uti...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/14/4652 |