Effects of Synthetic CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide K3 on Immune Response, Behavior, and Physiology in Male Layer Chicks (Gallus gallus)

Unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) motifs are often found in bacteria and viruses, but are rare in mammals. In mammals, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) stimulate the innate immune system via toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). However, TLR9 is absent in birds; instead, TLR21 serves as the re...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tetsuya Tachibana, Rena Mimura, Sakirul Khan, Mark A. Cline
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Japan Poultry Science Association 2024-12-01
Series:The Journal of Poultry Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpsa/61/0/61_2024025/_html/-char/en