Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a well recognized and relatively well understood soft tissue tumor. Early events in GIST development are activating mutations in KIT or PDGFRA , which occur in most GISTs and encode for mutated tyrosine receptor kinases that are therapeutic targets for tyrosi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2012-01-01
|
| Series: | Clinical Medicine Insights: Pathology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4137/CPath.S9689 |
| _version_ | 1828795097194430464 |
|---|---|
| author | Wai Chin Foo Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger Alexander J. Lazar |
| author_facet | Wai Chin Foo Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger Alexander J. Lazar |
| author_sort | Wai Chin Foo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a well recognized and relatively well understood soft tissue tumor. Early events in GIST development are activating mutations in KIT or PDGFRA , which occur in most GISTs and encode for mutated tyrosine receptor kinases that are therapeutic targets for tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including imatinib and sunitinib. A small minority of GISTs possessing neither KIT nor PDGFRA mutations may have germline mutations in SDH , suggesting a potential role of SDH in the pathogenesis. Immunohistochemical detection of KIT, and more recently DOG1, has proven to be reliable and useful in the diagnosis of GISTs. Because current and future therapies depend on pathologists, it is important that they recognize KIT-negative GISTs, GISTs in specific clinical contexts, GISTs with unusual morphology, and GISTs after treatment. This review focuses on recent developments in the understanding of the biology, immunohistochemical diagnosis, the role of molecular analysis, and risk assessment of GISTs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T03:57:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d6539ed8cbdb432ba449ef8f642a0fee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-5557 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T03:57:40Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical Medicine Insights: Pathology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d6539ed8cbdb432ba449ef8f642a0fee2022-12-22T00:39:12ZengSAGE PublishingClinical Medicine Insights: Pathology1179-55572012-01-01510.4137/CPath.S9689Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal TumorsWai Chin Foo0Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger1Alexander J. Lazar2Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.Sarcoma Research Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a well recognized and relatively well understood soft tissue tumor. Early events in GIST development are activating mutations in KIT or PDGFRA , which occur in most GISTs and encode for mutated tyrosine receptor kinases that are therapeutic targets for tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including imatinib and sunitinib. A small minority of GISTs possessing neither KIT nor PDGFRA mutations may have germline mutations in SDH , suggesting a potential role of SDH in the pathogenesis. Immunohistochemical detection of KIT, and more recently DOG1, has proven to be reliable and useful in the diagnosis of GISTs. Because current and future therapies depend on pathologists, it is important that they recognize KIT-negative GISTs, GISTs in specific clinical contexts, GISTs with unusual morphology, and GISTs after treatment. This review focuses on recent developments in the understanding of the biology, immunohistochemical diagnosis, the role of molecular analysis, and risk assessment of GISTs.https://doi.org/10.4137/CPath.S9689 |
| spellingShingle | Wai Chin Foo Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger Alexander J. Lazar Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Clinical Medicine Insights: Pathology |
| title | Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_full | Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_fullStr | Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_short | Pathology of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_sort | pathology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4137/CPath.S9689 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT waichinfoo pathologyofgastrointestinalstromaltumors AT bernadettelieglatzwanger pathologyofgastrointestinalstromaltumors AT alexanderjlazar pathologyofgastrointestinalstromaltumors |