Opioids and Immunosuppression: Clinical Evidence, Mechanisms of Action, and Potential Therapies
Background: In addition to the more well-known adverse effects of opioids, such as constipation, mounting evidence supports underlying immunosuppressive effects as well. Methods: In this study, we provide a narrative review of preclinical and clinical evidence of opioid suppression of the immune sys...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Mary Ann Liebert
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Palliative Medicine Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/PMR.2023.0049 |