The Potential Influence of Uremic Toxins on the Homeostasis of Bones and Muscles in Chronic Kidney Disease

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience a high accumulation of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs), specifically indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS). In the early stages of CKD, the buildup of PBUTs inhibits bone and muscle function. As CKD progresses, elevated PBUT l...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kuo-Chin Hung, Wei-Cheng Yao, Yi-Lien Liu, Hung-Jen Yang, Min-Tser Liao, Keong Chong, Ching-Hsiu Peng, Kuo-Cheng Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-07-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/7/2076