Criteria and indicator for assessing threat on Himalayan birch (B. utilis) at timberline ecotone of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve: A world heritage site, Western Himalaya, India
Western Himalayan timberline are mainly dominated by Betula utilis (Himalayan birch) and closely associated with Abies spectabilis, Quercus semicarpifolia and Taxus baccata and formed the ecotone between the coniferous forest and alpine areas. Himalayan birch is socio-culturally and ecologically val...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Environmental and Sustainability Indicators |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972720300702 |