Long-Term Performance Comparison of Bipolar Active vs. Quadripolar Passive Fixation Leads in Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy
Background: Bipolar active fixation (BipolarAFL) and quadripolar passive fixation left-ventricular leads (QuadPFL) have been designed to reduce the risk of phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS), enable targeted left-ventricular pacing, and overcome problems of difficult coronary venous anatomy and lead di...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.734666/full |