Botulinum Toxin Injection for the Treatment of Upper Esophageal Sphincter Dysfunction
Dysphagia associated with upper esophageal sphincter (UES) dysfunction remarkably affects the quality of life of patients. UES injection of botulinum toxin is an effective treatment for dysphagia. In comparison with skeletal muscles of the limb and trunk, the UES is a special therapeutic target of b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/5/321 |