Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the precursor of tetrapyrrole synthesis, and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is a gas signal molecule. Studies have shown that exogenous ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S can alleviate abiotic stress. This study evaluated the roles of ALA and H<sub>...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/572 |
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| author | Huiping Wang Zeci Liu Jing Li Shilei Luo Jing Zhang Jianming Xie |
| author_facet | Huiping Wang Zeci Liu Jing Li Shilei Luo Jing Zhang Jianming Xie |
| author_sort | Huiping Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the precursor of tetrapyrrole synthesis, and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is a gas signal molecule. Studies have shown that exogenous ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S can alleviate abiotic stress. This study evaluated the roles of ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S and their interactions in regulating antioxidant activity in pepper seedlings under chilling stress. Chilling stress significantly inhibited the growth of pepper seedlings and increased the amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), superoxide anion (O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup>), and malondialdehyde (MDA). ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). Moreover, ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S enhanced the ascorbate (AsA)-glutathione (GSH) cycle by increasing the contents of AsA and GSH, the ratio of AsA to dehydroascorbic acid and GSH to glutathione disulfide increased, and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) also increased. At the transcriptional level, ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S upregulated the expressions of <i>CaSOD</i>, <i>CaPOD</i>, <i>CaCAT</i>, <i>CaAPX</i>, <i>CaGR</i>, <i>CaDHAR</i>, and <i>CaMDHAR</i> in seedlings under chilling stress. ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S also reduced the contents of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup> and MDA, eventually mitigating the inhibitory effects of chilling stress on pepper seedling growth. The combination of ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S had a better effect than ALA or H<sub>2</sub>S alone. Moreover, ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S interact to regulate the oxidative stress response of pepper seedlings under chilling stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:14:02Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-de1a5b45af8948ec96a4b5919d2d7ef52023-11-24T00:07:07ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-02-0112357210.3390/agronomy12030572Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling StressHuiping Wang0Zeci Liu1Jing Li2Shilei Luo3Jing Zhang4Jianming Xie5College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the precursor of tetrapyrrole synthesis, and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is a gas signal molecule. Studies have shown that exogenous ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S can alleviate abiotic stress. This study evaluated the roles of ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S and their interactions in regulating antioxidant activity in pepper seedlings under chilling stress. Chilling stress significantly inhibited the growth of pepper seedlings and increased the amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), superoxide anion (O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup>), and malondialdehyde (MDA). ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). Moreover, ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S enhanced the ascorbate (AsA)-glutathione (GSH) cycle by increasing the contents of AsA and GSH, the ratio of AsA to dehydroascorbic acid and GSH to glutathione disulfide increased, and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) also increased. At the transcriptional level, ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S upregulated the expressions of <i>CaSOD</i>, <i>CaPOD</i>, <i>CaCAT</i>, <i>CaAPX</i>, <i>CaGR</i>, <i>CaDHAR</i>, and <i>CaMDHAR</i> in seedlings under chilling stress. ALA and/or H<sub>2</sub>S also reduced the contents of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup> and MDA, eventually mitigating the inhibitory effects of chilling stress on pepper seedling growth. The combination of ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S had a better effect than ALA or H<sub>2</sub>S alone. Moreover, ALA and H<sub>2</sub>S interact to regulate the oxidative stress response of pepper seedlings under chilling stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/572antioxidase activitiesascorbate-glutathione cyclelow temperaturereactive oxygen speciestranscriptional regulation |
| spellingShingle | Huiping Wang Zeci Liu Jing Li Shilei Luo Jing Zhang Jianming Xie Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress Agronomy antioxidase activities ascorbate-glutathione cycle low temperature reactive oxygen species transcriptional regulation |
| title | Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress |
| title_full | Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress |
| title_fullStr | Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress |
| title_short | Hydrogen Sulfide Interacts with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Enhance the Antioxidant Capacity of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress |
| title_sort | hydrogen sulfide interacts with 5 aminolevulinic acid to enhance the antioxidant capacity of pepper i capsicum annuum i l seedlings under chilling stress |
| topic | antioxidase activities ascorbate-glutathione cycle low temperature reactive oxygen species transcriptional regulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/572 |
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