p16INK4a and γ-H2AX as Biomarkers of Senescence in Skin Tissue: A Cadaveric Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Centre in Punjab, India
Introduction: Baseline expression of p16INK4a characterises cellular senescence. Similarly, the measurement of γ-GammaH2AX (γ-H2AX) foci levels in cells provides a reliable method for quantification of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage. Aim: To explore the role of p16INK4a and γ-H2AX as biomarke...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-10-01
|
Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18613/64549_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_QC(KK_RDW_IS)_PF1(RI_KM_OM)_PFA(KM) |
Summary: | Introduction: Baseline expression of p16INK4a characterises
cellular senescence. Similarly, the measurement of γ-GammaH2AX (γ-H2AX) foci levels in cells provides a reliable method for
quantification of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage.
Aim: To explore the role of p16INK4a and γ-H2AX as biomarkers
of senescence in skin tissue.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study
conducted in the Department of Anatomy, PGIMER, Chandigarh,
Punjab, India from June 2022 to January 2023. Skin tissue was
obtained from 30 cadavers, aged 20-90 years, from the anterior
abdominal wall. The time duration of sample collection after
death varied from six hours to 12 hours. Samples were divided
into two groups: Group-I <30 years and Group-II >70 years,
with n=15 in each group. The relative change in the expression
pattern of p16INK4a and γH2AX markers, as well as the
microstructure of the skin (thickness of epidermis and dermis,
distribution of collagen I/II/III fibres, architecture of sebaceous
glands), were statistically analysed using an unpaired t-test.
Results: Intense staining was observed with p16INK4a in
Group-II, showing positivity in 60.75% of the cells, while Group-I
depicted a weak staining pattern (15%). On immunostaining with
γ-H2AX, only Group-II cells showed intense positivity (45%).
Significant differences were observed in the epidermal and
dermal thickness: Group-I (165.5267±37.73 μm; 2394.6±874.13
μm); Group-II (54.6±22.79 μm; 566.67±242.23 μm), and collagen
Type-II/III fibres were found predominantly in aging skin tissue.
Conclusion: The present study provides comprehensive data
regarding age-associated changes between p16INK4a, γ-H2AX,
and skin microstructure, which result in decreased repair and
regenerative capacity of skin tissue and various age-related
skin diseases. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |