Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis
Apoptosis of lymphocytes is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis in sepsis. Our previous report showed that histones, nuclear proteins released from damaged or dying cells in sepsis, can mediate lymphocyte apoptosis via mitochondria damage. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE),...
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PeerJ Inc.
2017-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/3108.pdf |
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| author | Ping Chang Bing Mo David M. Cauvi Ying Yu Zhenhui Guo Jian Zhou Qiong Huang Qitao Yan Guiming Chen Zhanguo Liu |
| author_facet | Ping Chang Bing Mo David M. Cauvi Ying Yu Zhenhui Guo Jian Zhou Qiong Huang Qitao Yan Guiming Chen Zhanguo Liu |
| author_sort | Ping Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Apoptosis of lymphocytes is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis in sepsis. Our previous report showed that histones, nuclear proteins released from damaged or dying cells in sepsis, can mediate lymphocyte apoptosis via mitochondria damage. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), a natural substance with protective properties against oxidative stress, plays a vital role in cell and mitochondria protection. We thus hypothesized that GSPE may play a protective role in histone-induced lymphocyte apoptosis through its anti-oxidative properties. In this study, we investigated the protective efficacy of GSPE on lymphocyte apoptosis induced by extracellular histones, a main contributor of death in sepsis. Human blood lymphocytes were treated with 50 μg/ml histones, 2 μg/ml GSPE, or a combination of both. A total of 100 μM N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor, was used as a positive control for GSPE. Apoptosis, intracellular ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, Bcl-2 expression, and caspase-3 cleavage were measured. Our data clearly indicate that GSPE significantly inhibited lymphocyte apoptosis, generation of ROS, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the decrease in Bcl-2 expression, and caspase-3 activation induced by extracellular histones. In conclusion, we show that GSPE has a protective effect on lymphocyte apoptosis induced by extracellular histones. This study suggests GSPE as a potential therapeutic agent that could help reduce lymphocyte apoptosis, and thus the state of immunosuppression was observed in septic patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:38:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e00195c2fc784a52881ffe70a6837528 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:38:41Z |
| publishDate | 2017-03-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e00195c2fc784a52881ffe70a68375282023-12-03T10:55:06ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592017-03-015e310810.7717/peerj.3108Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosisPing Chang0Bing Mo1David M. Cauvi2Ying Yu3Zhenhui Guo4Jian Zhou5Qiong Huang6Qitao Yan7Guiming Chen8Zhanguo Liu9Department of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USADepartment of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of MICU, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of MICU, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaApoptosis of lymphocytes is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis in sepsis. Our previous report showed that histones, nuclear proteins released from damaged or dying cells in sepsis, can mediate lymphocyte apoptosis via mitochondria damage. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), a natural substance with protective properties against oxidative stress, plays a vital role in cell and mitochondria protection. We thus hypothesized that GSPE may play a protective role in histone-induced lymphocyte apoptosis through its anti-oxidative properties. In this study, we investigated the protective efficacy of GSPE on lymphocyte apoptosis induced by extracellular histones, a main contributor of death in sepsis. Human blood lymphocytes were treated with 50 μg/ml histones, 2 μg/ml GSPE, or a combination of both. A total of 100 μM N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor, was used as a positive control for GSPE. Apoptosis, intracellular ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, Bcl-2 expression, and caspase-3 cleavage were measured. Our data clearly indicate that GSPE significantly inhibited lymphocyte apoptosis, generation of ROS, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the decrease in Bcl-2 expression, and caspase-3 activation induced by extracellular histones. In conclusion, we show that GSPE has a protective effect on lymphocyte apoptosis induced by extracellular histones. This study suggests GSPE as a potential therapeutic agent that could help reduce lymphocyte apoptosis, and thus the state of immunosuppression was observed in septic patients.https://peerj.com/articles/3108.pdfGrape seed proanthocyanidin extractLymphocyte apoptosisMitochondrial injuryHistonesReactive oxygen species |
| spellingShingle | Ping Chang Bing Mo David M. Cauvi Ying Yu Zhenhui Guo Jian Zhou Qiong Huang Qitao Yan Guiming Chen Zhanguo Liu Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis PeerJ Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract Lymphocyte apoptosis Mitochondrial injury Histones Reactive oxygen species |
| title | Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis |
| title_full | Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis |
| title_fullStr | Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis |
| title_short | Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis |
| title_sort | grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone induced apoptosis |
| topic | Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract Lymphocyte apoptosis Mitochondrial injury Histones Reactive oxygen species |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/3108.pdf |
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