Differential Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder: Genetic and Hormonal Assessment and the Influence of Early-Life Stress

Differential Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder: Genetic and Hormonal Assessment and the Influence of Early-Life Stress

Few studies have assessed biomarkers for the differentiation of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). However, some elements of depression such as hormones and receptors of the renin–angiotensin–adrenal system (RAAS), the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, and history of...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Itiana Castro Menezes, Cristiane von Werne Baes, Fernanda Viana Fígaro-Drumond, Brisa Burgos Dias Macedo, Ana Carolina Bueno, Riccardo Lacchini, Marcelo Feijó de Mello, Margaret de Castro, Mario Francisco Juruena
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-10-01
Series:Brain Sciences
Subjects:
depression
bipolar
biomarker
mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)
glucocorticoid receptor (GR)
polymorphism (SNP)
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/11/1476

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/11/1476

Similar Items