Biotransformation of Food-Grade and Nanometric TiO<sub>2</sub> in the Oral–Gastro–Intestinal Tract: Driving Forces and Effect on the Toxicity toward Intestinal Epithelial Cells

<i>Background:</i> Oral exposure to titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) is common since it is widely used in food and pharmaceutical products. Concern on the safety of this substance has been recently raised, due to the presence of an ultrafine fraction in food-grade TiO<su...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Arianna Marucco, Marion Prono, David Beal, Enrica Alasonati, Paola Fisicaro, Enrico Bergamaschi, Marie Carriere, Ivana Fenoglio
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-10-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/11/2132