Farmers’ Participation in Modern Supply Chains: The Case of Mandarin Profitability in Punjab-Pakistan

Farmers’ Participation in Modern Supply Chains: The Case of Mandarin Profitability in Punjab-Pakistan

In developing countries, supply chains are rapidly transforming. However, smallholder farmers, in particular, have experienced mixed impacts in inclusion and exclusion from modern supply chains (MSC). Therefore, by taking Pakistan’s mandarin industry as a case, this study aims to analyze the farmers...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rabia Mazhar, Bi Xuehao, Ants-Hannes Viira, Ivana Janeska Stamenkovska, Marina Nacka, Hossein Azadi, Zou Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-11-01
Series:Horticulturae
Subjects:
smallholder farmers
modern supply chain
profit margin
wellbeing
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1041

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1041

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