Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells
β-cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas secrete insulin in response to the glucose concentration in the blood. When these pancreatic β-cells are damaged, diabetes develops through glucose intolerance caused by insufficient insulin secretion. High molecular weight polysaccharides, such as...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/20/12082 |
| _version_ | 1797472866672836608 |
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| author | Iwao Takahashi |
| author_facet | Iwao Takahashi |
| author_sort | Iwao Takahashi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | β-cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas secrete insulin in response to the glucose concentration in the blood. When these pancreatic β-cells are damaged, diabetes develops through glucose intolerance caused by insufficient insulin secretion. High molecular weight polysaccharides, such as heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans, and HS-degrading enzymes, such as heparinase, participate in the protection, maintenance, and enhancement of the functions of pancreatic islets and β-cells, and the demand for studies on glycobiology within the field of diabetes research has increased. This review introduces the roles of complex glycoconjugates containing high molecular weight polysaccharides and their degrading enzymes in pancreatic islets and β-cells, including those obtained in studies conducted by us earlier. In addition, from the perspective of glycobiology, this study proposes the possibility of application to diabetes medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:07:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e19bff9aa90a4b2a9ee1bbf12e5578fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:07:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e19bff9aa90a4b2a9ee1bbf12e5578fb2023-11-24T00:28:03ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-10-0123201208210.3390/ijms232012082Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-CellsIwao Takahashi0Division of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Morioka 028-3694, Iwate, Japanβ-cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas secrete insulin in response to the glucose concentration in the blood. When these pancreatic β-cells are damaged, diabetes develops through glucose intolerance caused by insufficient insulin secretion. High molecular weight polysaccharides, such as heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans, and HS-degrading enzymes, such as heparinase, participate in the protection, maintenance, and enhancement of the functions of pancreatic islets and β-cells, and the demand for studies on glycobiology within the field of diabetes research has increased. This review introduces the roles of complex glycoconjugates containing high molecular weight polysaccharides and their degrading enzymes in pancreatic islets and β-cells, including those obtained in studies conducted by us earlier. In addition, from the perspective of glycobiology, this study proposes the possibility of application to diabetes medicine.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/20/12082diabetes melituspancreatic islets and β-cellsinsulin secretionheparan sulfate proteoglycanscore proteinssulfotransferases |
| spellingShingle | Iwao Takahashi Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences diabetes melitus pancreatic islets and β-cells insulin secretion heparan sulfate proteoglycans core proteins sulfotransferases |
| title | Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells |
| title_full | Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells |
| title_fullStr | Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells |
| title_short | Importance of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells |
| title_sort | importance of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in pancreatic islets and β cells |
| topic | diabetes melitus pancreatic islets and β-cells insulin secretion heparan sulfate proteoglycans core proteins sulfotransferases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/20/12082 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT iwaotakahashi importanceofheparansulfateproteoglycansinpancreaticisletsandbcells |