Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages
The anthropogenic particulate matter (PM), suspended air dust that can be inhaled by humans and deposited in the lungs, is one of the main pollutants in the industrialized cities atmosphere. Recent studies have shown that PM has adverse effects on respiratory diseases. These effects are mainly due t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022003221 |
| _version_ | 1811289378300887040 |
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| author | Simone Marcella Barbara Apicella Agnese Secondo Francesco Palestra Giorgia Opromolla Renato Ciardi Valentina Tedeschi Anne Lise Ferrara Carmela Russo Maria Rosaria Galdiero Leonardo Cristinziano Luca Modestino Giuseppe Spadaro Alfonso Fiorelli Stefania Loffredo |
| author_facet | Simone Marcella Barbara Apicella Agnese Secondo Francesco Palestra Giorgia Opromolla Renato Ciardi Valentina Tedeschi Anne Lise Ferrara Carmela Russo Maria Rosaria Galdiero Leonardo Cristinziano Luca Modestino Giuseppe Spadaro Alfonso Fiorelli Stefania Loffredo |
| author_sort | Simone Marcella |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The anthropogenic particulate matter (PM), suspended air dust that can be inhaled by humans and deposited in the lungs, is one of the main pollutants in the industrialized cities atmosphere. Recent studies have shown that PM has adverse effects on respiratory diseases. These effects are mainly due to the ultrafine particles (PM0.1, PM < 100 nm), which, thanks to their PM size, are efficiently deposited in nasal, tracheobronchial, and alveolar regions. Pulmonary macrophages are a heterogeneous cell population distributed in different lung compartments, whose role in inflammatory response to injury is of particular relevance. In this study, we investigated the effect of PM0.1 on Human Lung Macrophages (HLMs) activation evaluated as proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine release, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and intracellular Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i). Furthermore, PM0.1, after removal of organic fraction, was fractionated in nanoparticles both smaller (NP20) and bigger (NP100) than 20 nm by a properlydeveloped analytical protocol, allowed isolating their individual contribution. Interestingly, while PM0.1 and NP20 induced stimulatory effects on HLM cytokines release, NP100 had not effect. In particular, PM0.1 induced IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, but not CXCL8, release from HLMs. Moreover, PM0.1, NP20 and NP100 did not induce β-glucuronidase release, a preformed mediator contained in HLMs. The long time necessary for cytokines release (18 h) suggested that PM0.1 and NP20 could induce ex-novo production of the tested mediators. Accordingly, after 6 h of incubation, PM0.1 and NP20 induced mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β. Moreover, NP20 induced ROS production and [Ca2+]i increase in a time-dependent manner, without producing cytotoxicity.Collectively, the present data highlight the main proinflammatory role of NP20 among PM fractions. This is particularly of concern because this fraction is not currently covered by legal limits as it is not easily measured at the exhausts by the available technical methodologies, suggesting that it is mandatory to search for new monitoring techniques and strategies for limiting NP20 formation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:53:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e23bf1b1a7a94670b533020b71749cc1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:53:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-e23bf1b1a7a94670b533020b71749cc12022-12-22T03:03:42ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202022-08-01166107395Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophagesSimone Marcella0Barbara Apicella1Agnese Secondo2Francesco Palestra3Giorgia Opromolla4Renato Ciardi5Valentina Tedeschi6Anne Lise Ferrara7Carmela Russo8Maria Rosaria Galdiero9Leonardo Cristinziano10Luca Modestino11Giuseppe Spadaro12Alfonso Fiorelli13Stefania Loffredo14Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, ItalyIstituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l'Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS)-CNR, 80125 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, ItalyTranslational Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, ItalyIstituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l'Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS)-CNR, 80125 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, ItalyTranslational Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; Corresponding author at: Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.The anthropogenic particulate matter (PM), suspended air dust that can be inhaled by humans and deposited in the lungs, is one of the main pollutants in the industrialized cities atmosphere. Recent studies have shown that PM has adverse effects on respiratory diseases. These effects are mainly due to the ultrafine particles (PM0.1, PM < 100 nm), which, thanks to their PM size, are efficiently deposited in nasal, tracheobronchial, and alveolar regions. Pulmonary macrophages are a heterogeneous cell population distributed in different lung compartments, whose role in inflammatory response to injury is of particular relevance. In this study, we investigated the effect of PM0.1 on Human Lung Macrophages (HLMs) activation evaluated as proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine release, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and intracellular Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i). Furthermore, PM0.1, after removal of organic fraction, was fractionated in nanoparticles both smaller (NP20) and bigger (NP100) than 20 nm by a properlydeveloped analytical protocol, allowed isolating their individual contribution. Interestingly, while PM0.1 and NP20 induced stimulatory effects on HLM cytokines release, NP100 had not effect. In particular, PM0.1 induced IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, but not CXCL8, release from HLMs. Moreover, PM0.1, NP20 and NP100 did not induce β-glucuronidase release, a preformed mediator contained in HLMs. The long time necessary for cytokines release (18 h) suggested that PM0.1 and NP20 could induce ex-novo production of the tested mediators. Accordingly, after 6 h of incubation, PM0.1 and NP20 induced mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β. Moreover, NP20 induced ROS production and [Ca2+]i increase in a time-dependent manner, without producing cytotoxicity.Collectively, the present data highlight the main proinflammatory role of NP20 among PM fractions. This is particularly of concern because this fraction is not currently covered by legal limits as it is not easily measured at the exhausts by the available technical methodologies, suggesting that it is mandatory to search for new monitoring techniques and strategies for limiting NP20 formation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022003221NanoparticlesCytokinesChemokinesLungMacrophagesMonocytes |
| spellingShingle | Simone Marcella Barbara Apicella Agnese Secondo Francesco Palestra Giorgia Opromolla Renato Ciardi Valentina Tedeschi Anne Lise Ferrara Carmela Russo Maria Rosaria Galdiero Leonardo Cristinziano Luca Modestino Giuseppe Spadaro Alfonso Fiorelli Stefania Loffredo Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages Environment International Nanoparticles Cytokines Chemokines Lung Macrophages Monocytes |
| title | Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages |
| title_full | Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages |
| title_fullStr | Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages |
| title_short | Size-based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages |
| title_sort | size based effects of anthropogenic ultrafine particles on activation of human lung macrophages |
| topic | Nanoparticles Cytokines Chemokines Lung Macrophages Monocytes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022003221 |
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