Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model
Background: Nephrotoxicity is the most known side effect of gentamicin. In addition, renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of renal injury and nephrotoxicity. Hypomagnesaemia is other complication of gentamicin. Previous studies reported that magnesium plays an i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nephropathology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nephropathol.com/PDF/jnp-8-e16.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797828011718868992 |
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| author | Fatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei Tahereh Safari Abbass Ali Niazi Meysam Zeynali Bujani |
| author_facet | Fatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei Tahereh Safari Abbass Ali Niazi Meysam Zeynali Bujani |
| author_sort | Fatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Nephrotoxicity is the most known side effect of gentamicin. In addition, renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of renal injury and nephrotoxicity. Hypomagnesaemia is other complication of gentamicin. Previous studies reported that magnesium plays an important role in cell enzymatic functions, reducing lipid peroxidation. Objectives: We investigated the role of losartan and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) on gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: In this study, rats randomly assigned to five groups. The first group, received saline, the second group received gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally (ip), and the third group, received a regular dose of losartan, 10 mg/kg/d + gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d. The fourth group received MgSO4 , 80 mg/kg/d + gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d. The fifth group obtained a continuous dose of gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d + losartan 10 mg/kg/d + MgSO4 80 mg/kg/d simultaneously. Nine days after administration of drugs, blood samples were collected from the heart. The level of urea, creatinine (Cr), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite were measured in the animal serum and homogenized kidney tissue. Results: Gentamicin increased serum urea and Cr levels. The administration of losartan and MgSO4 lonely and combination of them, significantly reduced the levels of serum urea and Cr. Losartan alone and combination of losartan and MgSO4 compared with gentamicin, significantly decreased kidney MDA level too. Decrease of kidney nitrite level by gentamicin was compensated by the administration of losartan, MgSO4 alone or their combination. Additionally, losartan and MgSO4 alone and their combination together significantly reduced renal damage. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that administration of losartan and MgSO4 individually and their combination decreased kidney nephrotoxicity and improved renal function. This effect is probably related to the improvement of antioxidant status and renal blood flow. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:57:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e712950fa21e4e1fa4fba56aa097d66a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2251-8363 2251-8819 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:57:38Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nephropathology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e712950fa21e4e1fa4fba56aa097d66a2023-05-13T11:28:21ZengSociety of Diabetic Nephropathy PreventionJournal of Nephropathology2251-83632251-88192019-04-0182e16e1610.15171/jnp.2019.16jnp-1645Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat modelFatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei0Tahereh Safari1Abbass Ali Niazi2Meysam Zeynali Bujani3Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IranDepartment of Physiology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IranDepartment of Pathology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IranStudent Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IranBackground: Nephrotoxicity is the most known side effect of gentamicin. In addition, renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of renal injury and nephrotoxicity. Hypomagnesaemia is other complication of gentamicin. Previous studies reported that magnesium plays an important role in cell enzymatic functions, reducing lipid peroxidation. Objectives: We investigated the role of losartan and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) on gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: In this study, rats randomly assigned to five groups. The first group, received saline, the second group received gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally (ip), and the third group, received a regular dose of losartan, 10 mg/kg/d + gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d. The fourth group received MgSO4 , 80 mg/kg/d + gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d. The fifth group obtained a continuous dose of gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d + losartan 10 mg/kg/d + MgSO4 80 mg/kg/d simultaneously. Nine days after administration of drugs, blood samples were collected from the heart. The level of urea, creatinine (Cr), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite were measured in the animal serum and homogenized kidney tissue. Results: Gentamicin increased serum urea and Cr levels. The administration of losartan and MgSO4 lonely and combination of them, significantly reduced the levels of serum urea and Cr. Losartan alone and combination of losartan and MgSO4 compared with gentamicin, significantly decreased kidney MDA level too. Decrease of kidney nitrite level by gentamicin was compensated by the administration of losartan, MgSO4 alone or their combination. Additionally, losartan and MgSO4 alone and their combination together significantly reduced renal damage. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that administration of losartan and MgSO4 individually and their combination decreased kidney nephrotoxicity and improved renal function. This effect is probably related to the improvement of antioxidant status and renal blood flow.https://nephropathol.com/PDF/jnp-8-e16.pdfgentamicinnephrotoxicitymagnesium sulfatelosartanrenal functionrenin angiotensin system |
| spellingShingle | Fatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei Tahereh Safari Abbass Ali Niazi Meysam Zeynali Bujani Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model Journal of Nephropathology gentamicin nephrotoxicity magnesium sulfate losartan renal function renin angiotensin system |
| title | Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model |
| title_full | Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model |
| title_fullStr | Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model |
| title_short | Losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model |
| title_sort | losartan and magnesium sulfate administration reduce gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rat model |
| topic | gentamicin nephrotoxicity magnesium sulfate losartan renal function renin angiotensin system |
| url | https://nephropathol.com/PDF/jnp-8-e16.pdf |
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