Equine Models of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: A Review of Feasibility, Biomarkers, and Molecular Signaling

Equine Models of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: A Review of Feasibility, Biomarkers, and Molecular Signaling

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) occurs spontaneously in humans and various animal species, including horses. In humans, obtaining tissue samples is challenging and clinical symptoms appear late in the disease progression. Therefore, genetically modified, induced, and natural...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tomasz Jasiński, Bernard Turek, Michał Kaczorowski, Walter Brehm, Katarzyna Skierbiszewska, Joanna Bonecka, Małgorzata Domino
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-02-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
temporomandibular joint
osteoarthritis
cartilage degeneration
mechanical loading
remodeling
regulation
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/542

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/542

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