Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> Shells
Customer demand for natural packaging materials in the food industry has increased. Biocomposite films developed using boiled rice water could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective packaging product in the future. This study reports the development of bio-based films using waste materials, such as b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/16/3456 |
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| author | Vinnarasi A. Raj Karthikumar Sankar Pandiarajan Narayanasamy Innasi Ganesh Moorthy Natesan Sivakumar Shyam Kumar Rajaram Ponmurugan Karuppiah Mohammed Rafi Shaik Abdulrahman Alwarthan Tae Hwan Oh Baji Shaik |
| author_facet | Vinnarasi A. Raj Karthikumar Sankar Pandiarajan Narayanasamy Innasi Ganesh Moorthy Natesan Sivakumar Shyam Kumar Rajaram Ponmurugan Karuppiah Mohammed Rafi Shaik Abdulrahman Alwarthan Tae Hwan Oh Baji Shaik |
| author_sort | Vinnarasi A. Raj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Customer demand for natural packaging materials in the food industry has increased. Biocomposite films developed using boiled rice water could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective packaging product in the future. This study reports the development of bio-based films using waste materials, such as boiled rice water (matrix) and <i>Pistacia vera</i> shells (reinforcement material), using an adapted solution casting method. Several film combinations were developed using various concentrations of plasticizing agent (sorbitol), thickening agent (oil and agar), and stabilizing agents (Arabic gum, corn starch, and <i>Pistacia vera</i> shell powder). Various packaging properties of the film were analyzed and examined to select the best bio-based film for food packaging applications. The film fabricated with <i>Pistacia vera</i> shell powder in the biocomposite film exhibited a reduced water solubility, swelling index, and moisture content, as compared to polyethene packaging material, whereas the biocomposite film exhibited poor antimicrobial properties, high vapor transmission rate, and high biodegradability rate. The packaging properties and characterization of the film indicated that the boiled rice water film with <i>Pistacia vera</i> shell powder was suitable for packaging material applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:38:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8651d5e4bc049d0bf4060d2df4db4ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:38:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8651d5e4bc049d0bf4060d2df4db4ab2023-11-19T02:44:38ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-08-011516345610.3390/polym15163456Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> ShellsVinnarasi A. Raj0Karthikumar Sankar1Pandiarajan Narayanasamy2Innasi Ganesh Moorthy3Natesan Sivakumar4Shyam Kumar Rajaram5Ponmurugan Karuppiah6Mohammed Rafi Shaik7Abdulrahman Alwarthan8Tae Hwan Oh9Baji Shaik10Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, IndiaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of KoreaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of KoreaCustomer demand for natural packaging materials in the food industry has increased. Biocomposite films developed using boiled rice water could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective packaging product in the future. This study reports the development of bio-based films using waste materials, such as boiled rice water (matrix) and <i>Pistacia vera</i> shells (reinforcement material), using an adapted solution casting method. Several film combinations were developed using various concentrations of plasticizing agent (sorbitol), thickening agent (oil and agar), and stabilizing agents (Arabic gum, corn starch, and <i>Pistacia vera</i> shell powder). Various packaging properties of the film were analyzed and examined to select the best bio-based film for food packaging applications. The film fabricated with <i>Pistacia vera</i> shell powder in the biocomposite film exhibited a reduced water solubility, swelling index, and moisture content, as compared to polyethene packaging material, whereas the biocomposite film exhibited poor antimicrobial properties, high vapor transmission rate, and high biodegradability rate. The packaging properties and characterization of the film indicated that the boiled rice water film with <i>Pistacia vera</i> shell powder was suitable for packaging material applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/16/3456<i>Pistacia vera</i>biocomposite filmbiodegradablepackaging properties |
| spellingShingle | Vinnarasi A. Raj Karthikumar Sankar Pandiarajan Narayanasamy Innasi Ganesh Moorthy Natesan Sivakumar Shyam Kumar Rajaram Ponmurugan Karuppiah Mohammed Rafi Shaik Abdulrahman Alwarthan Tae Hwan Oh Baji Shaik Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> Shells Polymers <i>Pistacia vera</i> biocomposite film biodegradable packaging properties |
| title | Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> Shells |
| title_full | Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> Shells |
| title_fullStr | Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> Shells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> Shells |
| title_short | Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and <i>Pistacia vera</i> Shells |
| title_sort | development and characterization of bio based composite films for food packing applications using boiled rice water and i pistacia vera i shells |
| topic | <i>Pistacia vera</i> biocomposite film biodegradable packaging properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/16/3456 |
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