Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development
A prolonged developmental timeline for GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-expressing inhibitory neurons (GABAergic interneurons) is an amplified trait in larger, gyrencephalic animals. In several species, the generation, migration, and maturation of interneurons take place over several months, in some cases...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5113 |
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author | Jae-Yeon Kim Mercedes F. Paredes |
author_facet | Jae-Yeon Kim Mercedes F. Paredes |
author_sort | Jae-Yeon Kim |
collection | DOAJ |
description | A prolonged developmental timeline for GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-expressing inhibitory neurons (GABAergic interneurons) is an amplified trait in larger, gyrencephalic animals. In several species, the generation, migration, and maturation of interneurons take place over several months, in some cases persisting after birth. The late integration of GABAergic interneurons occurs in a region-specific pattern, especially during the early postnatal period. These changes can contribute to the formation of functional connectivity and plasticity, especially in the cortical regions responsible for higher cognitive tasks. In this review, we discuss GABAergic interneuron development in the late gestational and postnatal forebrain. We propose the protracted development of interneurons at each stage (neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and network integration), as a mechanism for increased complexity and cognitive flexibility in larger, gyrencephalic brains. This developmental feature of interneurons also provides an avenue for environmental influences to shape neural circuit formation. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:30:12Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-e89ef9c2de434809b4ba5c4f8dfb348e |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:30:12Z |
publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
spelling | doaj.art-e89ef9c2de434809b4ba5c4f8dfb348e2023-11-21T19:21:33ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-05-012210511310.3390/ijms22105113Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron DevelopmentJae-Yeon Kim0Mercedes F. Paredes1Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USADepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USAA prolonged developmental timeline for GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-expressing inhibitory neurons (GABAergic interneurons) is an amplified trait in larger, gyrencephalic animals. In several species, the generation, migration, and maturation of interneurons take place over several months, in some cases persisting after birth. The late integration of GABAergic interneurons occurs in a region-specific pattern, especially during the early postnatal period. These changes can contribute to the formation of functional connectivity and plasticity, especially in the cortical regions responsible for higher cognitive tasks. In this review, we discuss GABAergic interneuron development in the late gestational and postnatal forebrain. We propose the protracted development of interneurons at each stage (neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and network integration), as a mechanism for increased complexity and cognitive flexibility in larger, gyrencephalic brains. This developmental feature of interneurons also provides an avenue for environmental influences to shape neural circuit formation.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5113GABAergic inhibitory neuronembryonic neurogenesispostnatal migrationfunctional networkgyrencephalic brain |
spellingShingle | Jae-Yeon Kim Mercedes F. Paredes Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development International Journal of Molecular Sciences GABAergic inhibitory neuron embryonic neurogenesis postnatal migration functional network gyrencephalic brain |
title | Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development |
title_full | Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development |
title_fullStr | Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development |
title_full_unstemmed | Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development |
title_short | Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development |
title_sort | implications of extended inhibitory neuron development |
topic | GABAergic inhibitory neuron embryonic neurogenesis postnatal migration functional network gyrencephalic brain |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5113 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT jaeyeonkim implicationsofextendedinhibitoryneurondevelopment AT mercedesfparedes implicationsofextendedinhibitoryneurondevelopment |