Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019
BackgroundFoodborne disease (FBD) affects millions of people each year, posing a health burden similar to malaria, tuberculosis or HIV. A recent World Bank study estimated the productivity losses alone attributed to unsafe food within Africa at $20 billion in 2016, and the cost of treating these ill...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1058977/full |
| _version_ | 1797924678971424768 |
|---|---|
| author | Lina Gazu Silvia Alonso Florence Mutua Kristina Roesel Johanna F. Lindahl Johanna F. Lindahl Johanna F. Lindahl Kebede Amenu Kebede Amenu Filipe Maximiano Sousa Pattama Ulrich Tadesse Guadu Michel Dione Guy Ilboudo Theodore Knight-Jones Delia Grace Delia Grace |
| author_facet | Lina Gazu Silvia Alonso Florence Mutua Kristina Roesel Johanna F. Lindahl Johanna F. Lindahl Johanna F. Lindahl Kebede Amenu Kebede Amenu Filipe Maximiano Sousa Pattama Ulrich Tadesse Guadu Michel Dione Guy Ilboudo Theodore Knight-Jones Delia Grace Delia Grace |
| author_sort | Lina Gazu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundFoodborne disease (FBD) affects millions of people each year, posing a health burden similar to malaria, tuberculosis or HIV. A recent World Bank study estimated the productivity losses alone attributed to unsafe food within Africa at $20 billion in 2016, and the cost of treating these illnesses at an additional $3.5 billion. Ethiopia faces multiple food safety challenges due to lack of infrastructure and basic pre-requisites for food safety such as clean water and environment, washing facilities, compounded by limited implementation of food safety regulations, and a lack of incentives for producers to improve food safety. A consolidation of our understanding and evidence of the source, nature and scale of FBD in Ethiopia is needed to inform policy and future research. We performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of publications on FBD occurrence in Ethiopia including hazard presence and impact.MethodThe SLR followed Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed and CAB-Direct for relevant publications between 1990 and 2019 (inclusive). Observational studies and reviews were included. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, and retained publications were reviewed in full for quality and data extraction.ResultIn total 128 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most articles focused on the identification of biological hazards in food. High levels of microbial contamination in different food value chains were often found in the small, ad hoc, observational studies that dominated the literature. Raw milk (22/128, 17.0%) and raw beef (21/128, 16.4%) were the most studied food products. Foodborne (FB) parasites were often found at higher rates in food than bacterial and viral pathogens, possibly due to differences in ease of identification. High levels of bacterial contamination on the hands of food handlers were widely reported. There were no reports on the incidence of human FBDs or resulting health and economic impacts.ConclusionOur findings reflect existing concerns around food safety in Ethiopia. A lack of substantial, coordinated studies with robust methodologies means fundamental gaps remain in our knowledge of FBD in Ethiopia, particularly regarding FBD burden and impact. Greater investment in food safety is needed, with enhanced and coordinated research and interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:04:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8b6167685e247bb917398d46606f134 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-581X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:04:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8b6167685e247bb917398d46606f1342023-02-15T07:26:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2023-02-01710.3389/fsufs.2023.10589771058977Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019Lina Gazu0Silvia Alonso1Florence Mutua2Kristina Roesel3Johanna F. Lindahl4Johanna F. Lindahl5Johanna F. Lindahl6Kebede Amenu7Kebede Amenu8Filipe Maximiano Sousa9Pattama Ulrich10Tadesse Guadu11Michel Dione12Guy Ilboudo13Theodore Knight-Jones14Delia Grace15Delia Grace16Animal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyaAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyaAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SwedenAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, EthiopiaVeterinary Public Health Institute, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandSchool of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United StatesDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Safety, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Dakar, Senegal0Animal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaAnimal and Human Health Programme, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya1Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, United KingdomBackgroundFoodborne disease (FBD) affects millions of people each year, posing a health burden similar to malaria, tuberculosis or HIV. A recent World Bank study estimated the productivity losses alone attributed to unsafe food within Africa at $20 billion in 2016, and the cost of treating these illnesses at an additional $3.5 billion. Ethiopia faces multiple food safety challenges due to lack of infrastructure and basic pre-requisites for food safety such as clean water and environment, washing facilities, compounded by limited implementation of food safety regulations, and a lack of incentives for producers to improve food safety. A consolidation of our understanding and evidence of the source, nature and scale of FBD in Ethiopia is needed to inform policy and future research. We performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of publications on FBD occurrence in Ethiopia including hazard presence and impact.MethodThe SLR followed Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed and CAB-Direct for relevant publications between 1990 and 2019 (inclusive). Observational studies and reviews were included. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, and retained publications were reviewed in full for quality and data extraction.ResultIn total 128 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most articles focused on the identification of biological hazards in food. High levels of microbial contamination in different food value chains were often found in the small, ad hoc, observational studies that dominated the literature. Raw milk (22/128, 17.0%) and raw beef (21/128, 16.4%) were the most studied food products. Foodborne (FB) parasites were often found at higher rates in food than bacterial and viral pathogens, possibly due to differences in ease of identification. High levels of bacterial contamination on the hands of food handlers were widely reported. There were no reports on the incidence of human FBDs or resulting health and economic impacts.ConclusionOur findings reflect existing concerns around food safety in Ethiopia. A lack of substantial, coordinated studies with robust methodologies means fundamental gaps remain in our knowledge of FBD in Ethiopia, particularly regarding FBD burden and impact. Greater investment in food safety is needed, with enhanced and coordinated research and interventions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1058977/fullfood borne diseasesvalue chainshazardsburdenEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Lina Gazu Silvia Alonso Florence Mutua Kristina Roesel Johanna F. Lindahl Johanna F. Lindahl Johanna F. Lindahl Kebede Amenu Kebede Amenu Filipe Maximiano Sousa Pattama Ulrich Tadesse Guadu Michel Dione Guy Ilboudo Theodore Knight-Jones Delia Grace Delia Grace Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019 Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems food borne diseases value chains hazards burden Ethiopia |
| title | Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019 |
| title_full | Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019 |
| title_fullStr | Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019 |
| title_short | Foodborne disease hazards and burden in Ethiopia: A systematic literature review, 1990–2019 |
| title_sort | foodborne disease hazards and burden in ethiopia a systematic literature review 1990 2019 |
| topic | food borne diseases value chains hazards burden Ethiopia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1058977/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT linagazu foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT silviaalonso foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT florencemutua foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT kristinaroesel foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT johannaflindahl foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT johannaflindahl foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT johannaflindahl foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT kebedeamenu foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT kebedeamenu foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT filipemaximianosousa foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT pattamaulrich foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT tadesseguadu foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT micheldione foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT guyilboudo foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT theodoreknightjones foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT deliagrace foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 AT deliagrace foodbornediseasehazardsandburdeninethiopiaasystematicliteraturereview19902019 |