Improving Kraft Pulp Mill Energy Efficiency through Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biological Sludge

Of the various waste and side streams created in a kraft pulp mill, the biological sludges from the wastewater treatment plant are some of the most problematic to handle. Incineration is becoming a common solution as landfilling is no longer permitted by legislation in many countries, but this is al...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jussi Saari, Ekaterina Sermyagina, Katja Kuparinen, Satu Lipiäinen, Juha Kaikko, Marcelo Hamaguchi, Clara Mendoza-Martinez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-08-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/17/6188