Prediction of Battery Return Volumes for 3R: Remanufacturing, Reuse, and Recycling

Life cycle strategies for traction batteries, such as remanufacturing, reuse, and recycling of retired automotive lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), have received growing attention, as large volumes of LIBs will retire in the near future and the demand for LIBs continues to grow. At the same time, the re...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Achim Kampker, Heiner Hans Heimes, Christian Offermanns, Merlin Frank, Domenic Klohs, Khanh Nguyen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-09-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/19/6873