Multimodal non-invasive non-pharmacological therapies for chronic pain: mechanisms and progress

Multimodal non-invasive non-pharmacological therapies for chronic pain: mechanisms and progress

Abstract Background Chronic pain conditions impose significant burdens worldwide. Pharmacological treatments like opioids have limitations. Non-invasive non-pharmacological therapies (NINPT) encompass diverse interventions including physical, psychological, complementary and alternative approaches,...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yu Shi, Wen Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2023-09-01
Series:BMC Medicine
Subjects:
Pain
Non-invasive non-pharmacological therapies
Physical modalities
Psychological interventions
Complementary and alternative therapies
TENS
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03076-2

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