Effect of Perineal Massage during Second Phase of Labor on Episiotomy and Laceration Rates among Nulliparous women
Background & Aim: Routine episiotomy is often considered unnecessary. Episiotomy is associated with short- and long-term morbidities such as suturing, possible bleeding, infection, urinary and fecal incontinences, and dyspareunia. It has also adverse effects on self-esteem and mother-inf...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | fas |
| Published: |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2009-11-01
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| Series: | حیات |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journals.tums.ac.ir/PdfMed.aspx?pdf_med=/upload_files/pdf/14264.pdf&manuscript_id=14264 |