Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive Unit
The nature and conditions of the execution of tests (open or duct flow) in terms of evaluating the flow rate generated by positive pressure ventilators (PPV) may affect the parameters of the drive unit recorded during testing. In this article, popular PPVs (conventional type—W1 and turbo type—W2) of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/11/4515 |
| _version_ | 1827739535753084928 |
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| author | Łukasz Warguła Piotr Kaczmarzyk Piotr Lijewski Paweł Fuć Filip Markiewicz Daniel Małozięć Bartosz Wieczorek |
| author_facet | Łukasz Warguła Piotr Kaczmarzyk Piotr Lijewski Paweł Fuć Filip Markiewicz Daniel Małozięć Bartosz Wieczorek |
| author_sort | Łukasz Warguła |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The nature and conditions of the execution of tests (open or duct flow) in terms of evaluating the flow rate generated by positive pressure ventilators (PPV) may affect the parameters of the drive unit recorded during testing. In this article, popular PPVs (conventional type—W1 and turbo type—W2) of about 4.2 kW were tested under open flow (Method A) and duct flow (Method B) conditions. During the tests, engine load values were recorded: torque, speed, horsepower and, using portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS), exhaust gas emissions: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and fuel consumption. Depending on the method used to measure ventilator flow rates, drive units can have different drive power requirements (from 3.2% to 4.5%). Changes in drive unit operating conditions induced by the flow measurement method are observed in the results of fuel consumption (from 0.65% to 9.8%) and emissions of harmful exhaust compounds: CO<sub>2</sub> up to 2.4%, CO up to 67%, HC up to 93.2% and NO<sub>x</sub> up to 37%. The drive units of turbo type fans (W2) are more susceptible to the influence of the test methods in terms of flow assessment, where they have higher emissions of harmful exhaust gases when tested by Method A. Flow measurement methods affect the oscillation of propulsion power, which contributes to disturbances in the control of the fuel–air mixture composition. The purpose of this article is to analyse the impact of testing methods for measuring the flow rate of positive pressure ventilators on the performance of the drive unit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:08:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efdee775077b4b7ab9328bf09e0575a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:08:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-efdee775077b4b7ab9328bf09e0575a02023-11-18T07:49:50ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-06-011611451510.3390/en16114515Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive UnitŁukasz Warguła0Piotr Kaczmarzyk1Piotr Lijewski2Paweł Fuć3Filip Markiewicz4Daniel Małozięć5Bartosz Wieczorek6Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Machine Design, Poznań University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Machine Design, Poznań University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Drives, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Drives, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Drives, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, PolandScientific and Research Centre for Fire Protection, National Research Institute, Nadwiślańska 213, 05-420 Józefów, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Machine Design, Poznań University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, PolandThe nature and conditions of the execution of tests (open or duct flow) in terms of evaluating the flow rate generated by positive pressure ventilators (PPV) may affect the parameters of the drive unit recorded during testing. In this article, popular PPVs (conventional type—W1 and turbo type—W2) of about 4.2 kW were tested under open flow (Method A) and duct flow (Method B) conditions. During the tests, engine load values were recorded: torque, speed, horsepower and, using portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS), exhaust gas emissions: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and fuel consumption. Depending on the method used to measure ventilator flow rates, drive units can have different drive power requirements (from 3.2% to 4.5%). Changes in drive unit operating conditions induced by the flow measurement method are observed in the results of fuel consumption (from 0.65% to 9.8%) and emissions of harmful exhaust compounds: CO<sub>2</sub> up to 2.4%, CO up to 67%, HC up to 93.2% and NO<sub>x</sub> up to 37%. The drive units of turbo type fans (W2) are more susceptible to the influence of the test methods in terms of flow assessment, where they have higher emissions of harmful exhaust gases when tested by Method A. Flow measurement methods affect the oscillation of propulsion power, which contributes to disturbances in the control of the fuel–air mixture composition. The purpose of this article is to analyse the impact of testing methods for measuring the flow rate of positive pressure ventilators on the performance of the drive unit.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/11/4515portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS)fuel consumptionnon-road small enginemethods of measuring fan flow ratespositive pressure ventilators (PPV)mobile fan |
| spellingShingle | Łukasz Warguła Piotr Kaczmarzyk Piotr Lijewski Paweł Fuć Filip Markiewicz Daniel Małozięć Bartosz Wieczorek Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive Unit Energies portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) fuel consumption non-road small engine methods of measuring fan flow rates positive pressure ventilators (PPV) mobile fan |
| title | Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive Unit |
| title_full | Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive Unit |
| title_fullStr | Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive Unit |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive Unit |
| title_short | Effect of the Volumetric Flow Rate Measurement Methodology of Positive Pressure Ventilators on the Parameters of the Drive Unit |
| title_sort | effect of the volumetric flow rate measurement methodology of positive pressure ventilators on the parameters of the drive unit |
| topic | portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) fuel consumption non-road small engine methods of measuring fan flow rates positive pressure ventilators (PPV) mobile fan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/11/4515 |
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