Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt Pathways
Background/Aims: Reperfusion after an ischaemic insult might cause infarct extension. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes could attenuate myocardial remodelling in animal models of myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), and the present study aimed to explore the related mechanisms....
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Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/480317 |
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| author | Liang Liu Xian Jin Cui-Fen Hu Rong Li Zhong’e Zhou Cheng-Xing Shen |
| author_facet | Liang Liu Xian Jin Cui-Fen Hu Rong Li Zhong’e Zhou Cheng-Xing Shen |
| author_sort | Liang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/Aims: Reperfusion after an ischaemic insult might cause infarct extension. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes could attenuate myocardial remodelling in animal models of myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), and the present study aimed to explore the related mechanisms. Methods: In vitro, rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes (H9C2s) were exposed to H2O2. Cell viability was detected by the CCK-8 assay, apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining, ROS production was detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, and apoptosis-related proteins and signalling pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. Autophagic flux was measured using the tandem fluorescent mRFG-GFP-LC3 assay. MSC-derived exosomes were extracted using the total exosome isolation reagent. Apoptosis, myocardial infarction size, heart function and myocardial LC3B expression were examined in an in vivo I/R model by the TUNEL assay, TTC/Evan blue staining, echocardiography and immunohistochemicalstaining, respectively. Results: In vitro, H2O2 dose-dependently increased ROS production and cell apoptosis in H9C2s and blocked autophagic flux after 3 h of exposure; autophagy gradually decreased thereafter, and the lowest level was detected at 12 h after exposure. MSC-derived exosomes reduced H2O2-induced ROS production and cell apoptosis and enhanced autophagy at 12 h after exposure. In H9C2 cells exposed to H2O2 for 12 h, treatment with exosomes enhanced autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR and Akt/mTOR pathways. Likewise, in vivo exosome injections in rats that underwent I/R injury significantly reduced apoptosis and the myocardial infarct size and upregulated myocardial LC3B expression as well as improved heart function. Conclusions: Our results indicate that MSC-derived exosomes could reduce MIRI by inducing cardiomyocyte autophagy via AMPK/mTOR and Akt/mTOR pathways. |
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| issn | 1015-8987 1421-9778 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T18:10:03Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG |
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| series | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-f03364de9afa4deb840533846c6bb7b22022-12-21T23:35:58ZengCell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KGCellular Physiology and Biochemistry1015-89871421-97782017-08-01431526810.1159/000480317480317Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt PathwaysLiang LiuXian JinCui-Fen HuRong LiZhong’e ZhouCheng-Xing ShenBackground/Aims: Reperfusion after an ischaemic insult might cause infarct extension. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes could attenuate myocardial remodelling in animal models of myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), and the present study aimed to explore the related mechanisms. Methods: In vitro, rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes (H9C2s) were exposed to H2O2. Cell viability was detected by the CCK-8 assay, apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining, ROS production was detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, and apoptosis-related proteins and signalling pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. Autophagic flux was measured using the tandem fluorescent mRFG-GFP-LC3 assay. MSC-derived exosomes were extracted using the total exosome isolation reagent. Apoptosis, myocardial infarction size, heart function and myocardial LC3B expression were examined in an in vivo I/R model by the TUNEL assay, TTC/Evan blue staining, echocardiography and immunohistochemicalstaining, respectively. Results: In vitro, H2O2 dose-dependently increased ROS production and cell apoptosis in H9C2s and blocked autophagic flux after 3 h of exposure; autophagy gradually decreased thereafter, and the lowest level was detected at 12 h after exposure. MSC-derived exosomes reduced H2O2-induced ROS production and cell apoptosis and enhanced autophagy at 12 h after exposure. In H9C2 cells exposed to H2O2 for 12 h, treatment with exosomes enhanced autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR and Akt/mTOR pathways. Likewise, in vivo exosome injections in rats that underwent I/R injury significantly reduced apoptosis and the myocardial infarct size and upregulated myocardial LC3B expression as well as improved heart function. Conclusions: Our results indicate that MSC-derived exosomes could reduce MIRI by inducing cardiomyocyte autophagy via AMPK/mTOR and Akt/mTOR pathways.http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/480317Mesenchymal stem cellCardiomyocytesMyocardial ischaemia/reperfusion InjuryExosomesAutophagy |
| spellingShingle | Liang Liu Xian Jin Cui-Fen Hu Rong Li Zhong’e Zhou Cheng-Xing Shen Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt Pathways Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Mesenchymal stem cell Cardiomyocytes Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion Injury Exosomes Autophagy |
| title | Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt Pathways |
| title_full | Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt Pathways |
| title_fullStr | Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt Pathways |
| title_short | Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Cardiomyocyte Autophagy Via AMPK and Akt Pathways |
| title_sort | exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells rescue myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury by inducing cardiomyocyte autophagy via ampk and akt pathways |
| topic | Mesenchymal stem cell Cardiomyocytes Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion Injury Exosomes Autophagy |
| url | http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/480317 |
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