Vitamin D3 alters macrophage phenotype and endosomal trafficking markers in dairy cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
Macrophages are important host defense cells in ruminant paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease; JD), a chronic enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Classical macrophage functions of pathogen trafficking, degradation, and antigen presentation are interrupted in mycobacte...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1021657/full |