Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Matter of Estrogens, Ceramides, and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Matter of Estrogens, Ceramides, and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate

The medical community recognizes sex-related differences in pathophysiology and cardiovascular disease outcomes (CVD), culminating with heart failure. In general, pre-menopausal women tend to have a better prognosis than men. Explaining why this occurs is not a simple matter. For decades, sex hormon...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Beatrice Arosio, Graziamaria Corbi, Sergio Davinelli, Vienna Giordano, Daniela Liccardo, Antonio Rapacciuolo, Alessandro Cannavo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-04-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
sex differences
sphingolipids
estrogens
cardiovascular
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/7/4009

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/7/4009

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