Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females
Abstract Background This study examined the influence of proximity-to-failure in resistance training (RT), using subjective repetitions-in-reserve (RIR) prediction, on neuromuscular fatigue and perceptual responses. Methods Twenty-four resistance-trained males (n = 12) and females (n = 12) completed...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Sports Medicine - Open |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00554-y |
| _version_ | 1811165969884643328 |
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| author | Martin C. Refalo Eric R. Helms D. Lee Hamilton Jackson J. Fyfe |
| author_facet | Martin C. Refalo Eric R. Helms D. Lee Hamilton Jackson J. Fyfe |
| author_sort | Martin C. Refalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background This study examined the influence of proximity-to-failure in resistance training (RT), using subjective repetitions-in-reserve (RIR) prediction, on neuromuscular fatigue and perceptual responses. Methods Twenty-four resistance-trained males (n = 12) and females (n = 12) completed three experimental trials in a randomised order, each involving six RT sets (barbell bench press) with 75% 1-RM performed to either momentary muscular failure (FAIL), 1-RIR, or 3-RIR. Changes in lifting velocity with a fixed load were assessed from pre-exercise to post-exercise with the aim of quantifying acute neuromuscular fatigue (4 min post-exercise) and the associated time course of recovery (24 and 48 h post-exercise), and from the first to final set performed. Perceptual responses to RT were assessed at multiple time points during and following RT. Results Decreases in lifting velocity at 4 min post-exercise were greater for FAIL ( − 25%) versus 1-RIR ( − 13%) and 3-RIR ( − 8%), with greater decreases for male ( − 29%) versus female ( − 21%) participants following FAIL. At 24 h post-exercise, decreases in lifting velocity were greater for FAIL ( − 3%) and 1-RIR ( − 3%) versus 3-RIR (+ 2%), with all between-protocol differences diminishing at 48 h post-exercise. Loss of lifting velocity from the first to final set was greater for FAIL ( − 22%) versus 1-RIR ( − 9%) and 3-RIR ( − 6%), with a greater lifting velocity loss from the first to final set for males ( − 15%) versus females ( − 9%). As proximity-to-failure neared, ratings of perceived discomfort, exertion, and muscle soreness increased, general feelings worsened, and perceived recovery decreased. Conclusion These findings support a linear relationship between RT proximity-to-failure and both acute neuromuscular fatigue and negative perceptual responses, which may influence long-term physiological adaptations and adherence to RT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:44:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6bb205b05c84a62965ab9a86d839c83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2198-9761 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:44:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sports Medicine - Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6bb205b05c84a62965ab9a86d839c832023-02-12T12:13:28ZengSpringerOpenSports Medicine - Open2198-97612023-02-019111910.1186/s40798-023-00554-yInfluence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and FemalesMartin C. Refalo0Eric R. Helms1D. Lee Hamilton2Jackson J. Fyfe3Centre for Sport Research (CSR), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin UniversitySport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of TechnologyInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin UniversityInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin UniversityAbstract Background This study examined the influence of proximity-to-failure in resistance training (RT), using subjective repetitions-in-reserve (RIR) prediction, on neuromuscular fatigue and perceptual responses. Methods Twenty-four resistance-trained males (n = 12) and females (n = 12) completed three experimental trials in a randomised order, each involving six RT sets (barbell bench press) with 75% 1-RM performed to either momentary muscular failure (FAIL), 1-RIR, or 3-RIR. Changes in lifting velocity with a fixed load were assessed from pre-exercise to post-exercise with the aim of quantifying acute neuromuscular fatigue (4 min post-exercise) and the associated time course of recovery (24 and 48 h post-exercise), and from the first to final set performed. Perceptual responses to RT were assessed at multiple time points during and following RT. Results Decreases in lifting velocity at 4 min post-exercise were greater for FAIL ( − 25%) versus 1-RIR ( − 13%) and 3-RIR ( − 8%), with greater decreases for male ( − 29%) versus female ( − 21%) participants following FAIL. At 24 h post-exercise, decreases in lifting velocity were greater for FAIL ( − 3%) and 1-RIR ( − 3%) versus 3-RIR (+ 2%), with all between-protocol differences diminishing at 48 h post-exercise. Loss of lifting velocity from the first to final set was greater for FAIL ( − 22%) versus 1-RIR ( − 9%) and 3-RIR ( − 6%), with a greater lifting velocity loss from the first to final set for males ( − 15%) versus females ( − 9%). As proximity-to-failure neared, ratings of perceived discomfort, exertion, and muscle soreness increased, general feelings worsened, and perceived recovery decreased. Conclusion These findings support a linear relationship between RT proximity-to-failure and both acute neuromuscular fatigue and negative perceptual responses, which may influence long-term physiological adaptations and adherence to RT.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00554-yResistance trainingFatigueProximity-to-failureRepetitions-in-reserve |
| spellingShingle | Martin C. Refalo Eric R. Helms D. Lee Hamilton Jackson J. Fyfe Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females Sports Medicine - Open Resistance training Fatigue Proximity-to-failure Repetitions-in-reserve |
| title | Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females |
| title_full | Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females |
| title_short | Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females |
| title_sort | influence of resistance training proximity to failure determined by repetitions in reserve on neuromuscular fatigue in resistance trained males and females |
| topic | Resistance training Fatigue Proximity-to-failure Repetitions-in-reserve |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00554-y |
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