Life cycle assessment (LCA) and energy assessment of the production and use of windows in residential buildings

Abstract There is an observable scarcity of comprehensive research results comparing the environmental damage associated with both the production of windows and their subsequent operation. The environmental impact of the operation of windows depends on their thermal insulation parameters, and thus t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zbigniew Kowalczyk, Sebastian Twardowski, Mateusz Malinowski, Maciej Kuboń
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2023-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-47185-7