Regulatory Role of Sex Hormones in Cardiovascular Calcification

Sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD), including aortic stenosis, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular calcification, are well documented. High levels of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular calcification, whilst estrogen, the prima...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Holly J. Woodward, Dongxing Zhu, Patrick W. F. Hadoke, Victoria E. MacRae
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4620