The Association between Antibiotic Use and the Incidence of Heart Failure: A Retrospective Case-Control Study of 162,188 Outpatients
The pathogenesis of heart failure (HF) is multifactorial, and is characterized by structural, cellular, and molecular remodeling processes. Inflammatory signaling pathways may play a particularly understudied role in HF. Recent data suggest a possible impact of antibiotic use on HF risk. Therefore,...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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Series: | Biomedicines |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/2/260 |