The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes
The biosynthesis pathway of melanin is a series of oxidative reactions that are catalyzed by melanin-related proteins, including tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2). Reagents or materials with antioxidative or free radical-scavenging activ...
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2021-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2823 |
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| author | Yi-Jung Liu Jia-Ling Lyu Yueh-Hsiung Kuo Chen-Yuan Chiu Kuo-Chiang Wen Hsiu-Mei Chiang |
| author_facet | Yi-Jung Liu Jia-Ling Lyu Yueh-Hsiung Kuo Chen-Yuan Chiu Kuo-Chiang Wen Hsiu-Mei Chiang |
| author_sort | Yi-Jung Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biosynthesis pathway of melanin is a series of oxidative reactions that are catalyzed by melanin-related proteins, including tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2). Reagents or materials with antioxidative or free radical-scavenging activities may be candidates for anti-melanogenesis. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone (DBL) is a polyphenol isolated from fungi, such as <i>Phellinus obliguus</i> (Persoon) Pilat and <i>P. linteus.</i> In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of DBL on antioxidation and melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and human epidermal melanocytes (HEMs). The results indicated that DBL scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, and exhibited potent reducing power, indicating that it displays strong antioxidative activity. DBL also inhibited the expression of TYR, TRP-1, TRP-2, and microphthalmia-related transcription factor (MITF) in both the cells. In addition, DBL inhibited hyperpigmentation in B16F10 and HEMs by regulating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA), v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathways. DBL not only shortened dendritic melanocytes but also inhibited premelanosome protein 17 (PMEL17) expression, slowing down the maturation of melanosome transportation. These results indicated that DBL promotes anti-melanogenesis by inhibiting the transportation of melanosomes. Therefore, DBL is a potent antioxidant and depigmenting agent that may be used in whitening cosmetics. |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f9507d9d839348858fe23764f99834e82023-11-21T09:59:15ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-03-01226282310.3390/ijms22062823The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal MelanocytesYi-Jung Liu0Jia-Ling Lyu1Yueh-Hsiung Kuo2Chen-Yuan Chiu3Kuo-Chiang Wen4Hsiu-Mei Chiang5Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanPh.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanDepartment of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanCenter of Consultation, Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE), 3F, No.465, Sec.6, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 11557, TaiwanDepartment of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanPh.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanThe biosynthesis pathway of melanin is a series of oxidative reactions that are catalyzed by melanin-related proteins, including tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2). Reagents or materials with antioxidative or free radical-scavenging activities may be candidates for anti-melanogenesis. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone (DBL) is a polyphenol isolated from fungi, such as <i>Phellinus obliguus</i> (Persoon) Pilat and <i>P. linteus.</i> In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of DBL on antioxidation and melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and human epidermal melanocytes (HEMs). The results indicated that DBL scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, and exhibited potent reducing power, indicating that it displays strong antioxidative activity. DBL also inhibited the expression of TYR, TRP-1, TRP-2, and microphthalmia-related transcription factor (MITF) in both the cells. In addition, DBL inhibited hyperpigmentation in B16F10 and HEMs by regulating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA), v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathways. DBL not only shortened dendritic melanocytes but also inhibited premelanosome protein 17 (PMEL17) expression, slowing down the maturation of melanosome transportation. These results indicated that DBL promotes anti-melanogenesis by inhibiting the transportation of melanosomes. Therefore, DBL is a potent antioxidant and depigmenting agent that may be used in whitening cosmetics.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/28233,4-dihydroxybenzalacetonenatural antioxidantsmelanogenesismelanosome maturationmelanosome transportmicrophthalmia-associated transcription factor |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Jung Liu Jia-Ling Lyu Yueh-Hsiung Kuo Chen-Yuan Chiu Kuo-Chiang Wen Hsiu-Mei Chiang The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes International Journal of Molecular Sciences 3,4-dihydroxybenzalacetone natural antioxidants melanogenesis melanosome maturation melanosome transport microphthalmia-associated transcription factor |
| title | The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes |
| title_full | The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes |
| title_fullStr | The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes |
| title_short | The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes |
| title_sort | anti melanogenesis effect of 3 4 dihydroxybenzalacetone through downregulation of melanosome maturation and transportation in b16f10 and human epidermal melanocytes |
| topic | 3,4-dihydroxybenzalacetone natural antioxidants melanogenesis melanosome maturation melanosome transport microphthalmia-associated transcription factor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2823 |
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