TNF Family Cytokines Induce Distinct Cell Death Modalities in the A549 Human Lung Epithelial Cell Line when Administered in Combination with Ricin Toxin

Ricin is a member of the ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) family of toxins and is classified as a biothreat agent by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Inhalation, the most potent route of toxicity, triggers an acute respiratory distress-like syndrome that coincides with near c...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alexa L. Hodges, Cody G. Kempen, William D. McCaig, Cory A. Parker, Nicholas J. Mantis, Timothy J. LaRocca
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-08-01
Series:Toxins
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/8/450