Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Fucoidans from brown algae are described as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiangiogenic. We tested two <i>Saccharina latissima</i> fucoidans (SL-FRO and SL-NOR) regarding their potential biological effects against age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Primary porcine retinal p...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/9/7939 |
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| author | Philipp Dörschmann Tabea Thalenhorst Charlotte Seeba Marie-Theres Tischhöfer Sandesh Neupane Johann Roider Susanne Alban Alexa Klettner |
| author_facet | Philipp Dörschmann Tabea Thalenhorst Charlotte Seeba Marie-Theres Tischhöfer Sandesh Neupane Johann Roider Susanne Alban Alexa Klettner |
| author_sort | Philipp Dörschmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fucoidans from brown algae are described as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiangiogenic. We tested two <i>Saccharina latissima</i> fucoidans (SL-FRO and SL-NOR) regarding their potential biological effects against age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Primary porcine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), human RPE cell line ARPE-19, and human uveal melanoma cell line OMM-1 were used. Cell survival was assessed in tetrazolium assay (MTT). Oxidative stress assays were induced with erastin or H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Supernatants were harvested to assess secreted vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in ELISA. Barrier function was assessed by measurement of trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Protectin (CD59) and retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein (RPE65) were evaluated in western blot. Polymorphonuclear elastase and complement inhibition assays were performed. Phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments was tested in a fluorescence assay. Secretion and expression of proinflammatory cytokines were assessed with ELISA and real-time PCR. Fucoidans were chemically analyzed. Neither toxic nor antioxidative effects were detected in ARPE-19 or OMM-1. Interleukin 8 gene expression was slightly reduced by SL-NOR but induced by SL-FRO in RPE. VEGF secretion was reduced in ARPE-19 by SL-FRO and in RPE by both fucoidans. Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid induced interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 secretion was reduced by both fucoidans in RPE. CD59 expression was positively influenced by fucoidans, and they exhibited a complement and elastase inhibitory effect in cell-free assay. RPE65 expression was reduced by SL-NOR in RPE. Barrier function of RPE was transiently reduced. Phagocytosis ability was slightly reduced by both fucoidans in primary RPE but not in ARPE-19. Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i>, especially SL-FRO, are promising agents against AMD, as they reduce angiogenic cytokines and show anti-inflammatory and complement inhibiting properties; however, potential effects on gene expression and RPE functions need to be considered for further research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:17:42Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:17:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-fc481663bfa746b994079f3337cdd7962023-11-17T23:02:42ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-04-01249793910.3390/ijms24097939Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment EpitheliumPhilipp Dörschmann0Tabea Thalenhorst1Charlotte Seeba2Marie-Theres Tischhöfer3Sandesh Neupane4Johann Roider5Susanne Alban6Alexa Klettner7Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, GermanyPharmaceutical Institute, University of Kiel, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118 Kiel, GermanyWyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 12a, 56307 Dernbach, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, GermanyPharmaceutical Institute, University of Kiel, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118 Kiel, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, GermanyFucoidans from brown algae are described as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiangiogenic. We tested two <i>Saccharina latissima</i> fucoidans (SL-FRO and SL-NOR) regarding their potential biological effects against age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Primary porcine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), human RPE cell line ARPE-19, and human uveal melanoma cell line OMM-1 were used. Cell survival was assessed in tetrazolium assay (MTT). Oxidative stress assays were induced with erastin or H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Supernatants were harvested to assess secreted vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in ELISA. Barrier function was assessed by measurement of trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Protectin (CD59) and retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein (RPE65) were evaluated in western blot. Polymorphonuclear elastase and complement inhibition assays were performed. Phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments was tested in a fluorescence assay. Secretion and expression of proinflammatory cytokines were assessed with ELISA and real-time PCR. Fucoidans were chemically analyzed. Neither toxic nor antioxidative effects were detected in ARPE-19 or OMM-1. Interleukin 8 gene expression was slightly reduced by SL-NOR but induced by SL-FRO in RPE. VEGF secretion was reduced in ARPE-19 by SL-FRO and in RPE by both fucoidans. Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid induced interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 secretion was reduced by both fucoidans in RPE. CD59 expression was positively influenced by fucoidans, and they exhibited a complement and elastase inhibitory effect in cell-free assay. RPE65 expression was reduced by SL-NOR in RPE. Barrier function of RPE was transiently reduced. Phagocytosis ability was slightly reduced by both fucoidans in primary RPE but not in ARPE-19. Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i>, especially SL-FRO, are promising agents against AMD, as they reduce angiogenic cytokines and show anti-inflammatory and complement inhibiting properties; however, potential effects on gene expression and RPE functions need to be considered for further research.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/9/7939sulfated fucanretinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein (RPE65)vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)phagocytosisgene expressionprotectin (CD59) |
| spellingShingle | Philipp Dörschmann Tabea Thalenhorst Charlotte Seeba Marie-Theres Tischhöfer Sandesh Neupane Johann Roider Susanne Alban Alexa Klettner Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment Epithelium International Journal of Molecular Sciences sulfated fucan retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein (RPE65) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) phagocytosis gene expression protectin (CD59) |
| title | Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
| title_full | Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
| title_short | Comparison of Fucoidans from <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Regarding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Relevant Pathomechanisms in Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
| title_sort | comparison of fucoidans from i saccharina latissima i regarding age related macular degeneration relevant pathomechanisms in retinal pigment epithelium |
| topic | sulfated fucan retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein (RPE65) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) phagocytosis gene expression protectin (CD59) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/9/7939 |
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