Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia
Maternal intake of omega-3 (n-3 PUFAs) and omega-6 (n-6 PUFAs) polyunsaturated fatty acids impacts hippocampal neurogenesis during development, an effect that may extend to adulthood by altering adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). The n-3 PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs are precursors of inflammatory regulato...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/6/3399 |
| _version_ | 1797470796605554688 |
|---|---|
| author | Noelia Rodríguez-Iglesias Agnes Nadjar Amanda Sierra Jorge Valero |
| author_facet | Noelia Rodríguez-Iglesias Agnes Nadjar Amanda Sierra Jorge Valero |
| author_sort | Noelia Rodríguez-Iglesias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maternal intake of omega-3 (n-3 PUFAs) and omega-6 (n-6 PUFAs) polyunsaturated fatty acids impacts hippocampal neurogenesis during development, an effect that may extend to adulthood by altering adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). The n-3 PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs are precursors of inflammatory regulators that potentially affect AHN and glia. Additionally, n-3 PUFA dietary supplementation may present a sexually dimorphic action in the brain. Therefore, we postulated that dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA balance shapes the adult DG in a sex-dependent manner influencing AHN and glia. We test our hypothesis by feeding adult female and male mice with n-3 PUFA balanced or deficient diets. To analyze the immunomodulatory potential of the diets, we injected mice with the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS reduced neuroblast number, and its effect was exacerbated by the n-3 PUFA-deficient diet. The n-3 PUFA-deficient diet reduced the DG volume, AHN, microglia number, and surveilled volume. The diet effect on most mature neuroblasts was exclusively significant in female mice. Colocalization and multivariate analysis revealed an association between microglia and AHN, as well as the sexual dimorphic effect of diet. Our study reveals that female mice are more susceptible than males to the effect of dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on AHN and microglia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:40:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fc6e39cf514a40319ce34be35f00184f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:40:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-fc6e39cf514a40319ce34be35f00184f2023-11-24T01:39:11ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-03-01236339910.3390/ijms23063399Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and GliaNoelia Rodríguez-Iglesias0Agnes Nadjar1Amanda Sierra2Jorge Valero3Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, SpainNeurocentre Magendie, U1215, INSERM-Université de Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, FranceAchucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, SpainAchucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, SpainMaternal intake of omega-3 (n-3 PUFAs) and omega-6 (n-6 PUFAs) polyunsaturated fatty acids impacts hippocampal neurogenesis during development, an effect that may extend to adulthood by altering adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). The n-3 PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs are precursors of inflammatory regulators that potentially affect AHN and glia. Additionally, n-3 PUFA dietary supplementation may present a sexually dimorphic action in the brain. Therefore, we postulated that dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA balance shapes the adult DG in a sex-dependent manner influencing AHN and glia. We test our hypothesis by feeding adult female and male mice with n-3 PUFA balanced or deficient diets. To analyze the immunomodulatory potential of the diets, we injected mice with the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS reduced neuroblast number, and its effect was exacerbated by the n-3 PUFA-deficient diet. The n-3 PUFA-deficient diet reduced the DG volume, AHN, microglia number, and surveilled volume. The diet effect on most mature neuroblasts was exclusively significant in female mice. Colocalization and multivariate analysis revealed an association between microglia and AHN, as well as the sexual dimorphic effect of diet. Our study reveals that female mice are more susceptible than males to the effect of dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on AHN and microglia.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/6/3399adult neurogenesisdentate gyrusdietmicrogliabacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharideLPS |
| spellingShingle | Noelia Rodríguez-Iglesias Agnes Nadjar Amanda Sierra Jorge Valero Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia International Journal of Molecular Sciences adult neurogenesis dentate gyrus diet microglia bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide LPS |
| title | Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia |
| title_full | Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia |
| title_fullStr | Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia |
| title_short | Susceptibility of Female Mice to the Dietary Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty-Acid Ratio: Effects on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Glia |
| title_sort | susceptibility of female mice to the dietary omega 3 omega 6 fatty acid ratio effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and glia |
| topic | adult neurogenesis dentate gyrus diet microglia bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide LPS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/6/3399 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT noeliarodrigueziglesias susceptibilityoffemalemicetothedietaryomega3omega6fattyacidratioeffectsonadulthippocampalneurogenesisandglia AT agnesnadjar susceptibilityoffemalemicetothedietaryomega3omega6fattyacidratioeffectsonadulthippocampalneurogenesisandglia AT amandasierra susceptibilityoffemalemicetothedietaryomega3omega6fattyacidratioeffectsonadulthippocampalneurogenesisandglia AT jorgevalero susceptibilityoffemalemicetothedietaryomega3omega6fattyacidratioeffectsonadulthippocampalneurogenesisandglia |