Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides
Background: Cyclic dinucleotides (cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP)) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Individual impacts of PAMPs on immune system have been evaluated, but simultaneous action...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2019-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Oral Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2018.1538927 |
| _version_ | 1818855753982672896 |
|---|---|
| author | Samira Elmanfi Jie Zhou Herman O. Sintim Eija Könönen Mervi Gürsoy Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy |
| author_facet | Samira Elmanfi Jie Zhou Herman O. Sintim Eija Könönen Mervi Gürsoy Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy |
| author_sort | Samira Elmanfi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Cyclic dinucleotides (cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP)) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Individual impacts of PAMPs on immune system have been evaluated, but simultaneous actions of multiple PAMPs have not been studied. Objective: Examination the effects of cyclic dinucleotides and Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS on gingival epithelial cytokine response. Methods: Human gingival keratinocytes (HMK) were incubated with 1, 10, and 100 µM concentrations of c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP, either in the presence or absence of P. gingivalis LPS. Intra- and extracellular levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-1Ra, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were measured using the Luminex technique. Results: LPS decreased extracellular IL-8 levels, while the presence of c-di-AMP inhibited this effect. Incubating HMK cells with c-di-AMP (alone or with LPS) elevated the extracellular level of MCP-1. Extracellular VEGF level increased when cells were incubated with LPS and c-di-GMP together, or with c-di-AMP alone. LPS and c-di-AMP suppressed intracellular IL-1β levels. The c-di-AMP elevated intracellular levels of IL-1Ra. Conclusion: c-di-AMP and, to a lesser extent, c-di-GMP regulate keratinocyte cytokine response, either as an aggregator or as a suppressor of LPS, depending on the cytokine type. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T08:13:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fcb302f2d0264251b1081c619765f99f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2000-2297 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T08:13:37Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Oral Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-fcb302f2d0264251b1081c619765f99f2022-12-21T20:29:33ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Oral Microbiology2000-22972019-01-0111110.1080/20002297.2018.15389271538927Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotidesSamira Elmanfi0Jie Zhou1Herman O. Sintim2Eija Könönen3Mervi Gürsoy4Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy5University of TurkuPurdue UniversityPurdue UniversityUniversity of TurkuUniversity of TurkuUniversity of TurkuBackground: Cyclic dinucleotides (cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP)) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Individual impacts of PAMPs on immune system have been evaluated, but simultaneous actions of multiple PAMPs have not been studied. Objective: Examination the effects of cyclic dinucleotides and Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS on gingival epithelial cytokine response. Methods: Human gingival keratinocytes (HMK) were incubated with 1, 10, and 100 µM concentrations of c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP, either in the presence or absence of P. gingivalis LPS. Intra- and extracellular levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-1Ra, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were measured using the Luminex technique. Results: LPS decreased extracellular IL-8 levels, while the presence of c-di-AMP inhibited this effect. Incubating HMK cells with c-di-AMP (alone or with LPS) elevated the extracellular level of MCP-1. Extracellular VEGF level increased when cells were incubated with LPS and c-di-GMP together, or with c-di-AMP alone. LPS and c-di-AMP suppressed intracellular IL-1β levels. The c-di-AMP elevated intracellular levels of IL-1Ra. Conclusion: c-di-AMP and, to a lesser extent, c-di-GMP regulate keratinocyte cytokine response, either as an aggregator or as a suppressor of LPS, depending on the cytokine type.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2018.1538927lipopolysaccharideinflammationperiodontitisinterleukinkeratinocytes |
| spellingShingle | Samira Elmanfi Jie Zhou Herman O. Sintim Eija Könönen Mervi Gürsoy Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides Journal of Oral Microbiology lipopolysaccharide inflammation periodontitis interleukin keratinocytes |
| title | Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides |
| title_full | Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides |
| title_short | Regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides |
| title_sort | regulation of gingival epithelial cytokine response by bacterial cyclic dinucleotides |
| topic | lipopolysaccharide inflammation periodontitis interleukin keratinocytes |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2018.1538927 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samiraelmanfi regulationofgingivalepithelialcytokineresponsebybacterialcyclicdinucleotides AT jiezhou regulationofgingivalepithelialcytokineresponsebybacterialcyclicdinucleotides AT hermanosintim regulationofgingivalepithelialcytokineresponsebybacterialcyclicdinucleotides AT eijakononen regulationofgingivalepithelialcytokineresponsebybacterialcyclicdinucleotides AT mervigursoy regulationofgingivalepithelialcytokineresponsebybacterialcyclicdinucleotides AT ulvikahramangursoy regulationofgingivalepithelialcytokineresponsebybacterialcyclicdinucleotides |