Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacity
Accurate measurements of PM2.5 related heavy metals (HMs) and some components are critical to better understanding the sources and health risks of PM2.5. HMs and other components in PM2.5 were simultaneously measured using online and offline filter-based methods in a Chinese megacity. Online Mn, Pb,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022001623 |
| _version_ | 1811231712637616128 |
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| author | Rui Chen Yehui Zhao Yingze Tian Xin Feng Yinchang Feng |
| author_facet | Rui Chen Yehui Zhao Yingze Tian Xin Feng Yinchang Feng |
| author_sort | Rui Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Accurate measurements of PM2.5 related heavy metals (HMs) and some components are critical to better understanding the sources and health risks of PM2.5. HMs and other components in PM2.5 were simultaneously measured using online and offline filter-based methods in a Chinese megacity. Online Mn, Pb, Cu, and Zn concentrations exhibited good correspondence with offline results (R2 ≥ 0.7, relative biases = −3%–22%). Some differences were observed for Cr, As, Co, and V. The assessment of online and offline probabilistic health risks indicated that non-cancer and total cancer risks were higher than the acceptable limits. Different analytical methods of As may result in different uncertainties in risk analysis. The positive matrix factorization model (PMF) was used to perform online and offline source apportionment. Five sources (coal combustion, vehicle source, industrial source, secondary source, and resuspended dust) were identified. Lower online percentage contribution of resuspended dust (8%) might relate to the lack of Si and Al measurements. The different rate contributions of vehicle source were potentially linked to the different time resolutions of the online and offline data. The assessment of online and offline source-specific health risks revealed that industrial source and coal combustion were the most important sources. Online and offline source-specific risks were not significantly different (P > 0.05). This contrastive study not only helps decision makers to manage health risk more effectively, but also provides insights into the applicability of online and offline measurements for quantifying source-specific risks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:49:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd49f4df216843ee9929cbd0cf9ce796 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:49:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd49f4df216843ee9929cbd0cf9ce7962022-12-22T03:36:18ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202022-06-01164107236Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacityRui Chen0Yehui Zhao1Yingze Tian2Xin Feng3Yinchang Feng4State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin 300350, China; Corresponding author at: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin 300350, ChinaAccurate measurements of PM2.5 related heavy metals (HMs) and some components are critical to better understanding the sources and health risks of PM2.5. HMs and other components in PM2.5 were simultaneously measured using online and offline filter-based methods in a Chinese megacity. Online Mn, Pb, Cu, and Zn concentrations exhibited good correspondence with offline results (R2 ≥ 0.7, relative biases = −3%–22%). Some differences were observed for Cr, As, Co, and V. The assessment of online and offline probabilistic health risks indicated that non-cancer and total cancer risks were higher than the acceptable limits. Different analytical methods of As may result in different uncertainties in risk analysis. The positive matrix factorization model (PMF) was used to perform online and offline source apportionment. Five sources (coal combustion, vehicle source, industrial source, secondary source, and resuspended dust) were identified. Lower online percentage contribution of resuspended dust (8%) might relate to the lack of Si and Al measurements. The different rate contributions of vehicle source were potentially linked to the different time resolutions of the online and offline data. The assessment of online and offline source-specific health risks revealed that industrial source and coal combustion were the most important sources. Online and offline source-specific risks were not significantly different (P > 0.05). This contrastive study not only helps decision makers to manage health risk more effectively, but also provides insights into the applicability of online and offline measurements for quantifying source-specific risks.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022001623Heavy metalsOnline measurementOffline filter-based measurementHealth riskUncertainty |
| spellingShingle | Rui Chen Yehui Zhao Yingze Tian Xin Feng Yinchang Feng Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacity Environment International Heavy metals Online measurement Offline filter-based measurement Health risk Uncertainty |
| title | Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacity |
| title_full | Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacity |
| title_fullStr | Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacity |
| title_short | Sources and uncertainties of health risks for PM2.5-bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter-based measurements in a Chinese megacity |
| title_sort | sources and uncertainties of health risks for pm2 5 bound heavy metals based on synchronous online and offline filter based measurements in a chinese megacity |
| topic | Heavy metals Online measurement Offline filter-based measurement Health risk Uncertainty |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022001623 |
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