Chronotropic Response and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at a high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A reduced chronotropic response (CR), which produces exercise intolerance, is known to be a contributing factor to CVD and mortality. Studies have shown that patients with RA have a reduced CR...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ahmad M. Osailan, George S. Metsios, Joan L. Duda, George D. Kitas, Jet J. C. S. Veldhuijzen van Zanten, Ragab K. Elnaggar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-11-01
Series:Journal of Clinical Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/23/7256