Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control Systems
Network attack detection is a crucial issue in cyber–physical systems. One classical type of network attack is the replay attack. Although the watermarking scheme has proven to be effective in detecting replay attacks, it may confront numerous challenges when applied to process control systems. The...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/18/3812 |
| _version_ | 1797580491550883840 |
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| author | Shunli Zhao Qisen Li Haifeng Cao |
| author_facet | Shunli Zhao Qisen Li Haifeng Cao |
| author_sort | Shunli Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Network attack detection is a crucial issue in cyber–physical systems. One classical type of network attack is the replay attack. Although the watermarking scheme has proven to be effective in detecting replay attacks, it may confront numerous challenges when applied to process control systems. The watermarking signal, which consists of independent and identically distributed Gaussian noise sequences, responds slowly to industrial process control systems. To address this issue, two novel smooth watermarking methods are proposed. The smooth watermarking signals exhibit low-frequency characteristics, enabling them to effectively handle large inertia processes. The proposed schemes are validated through two simulated examples. These examples indicate that the proposed methods can significantly enhance detection efficiency while minimizing additional control performance loss. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:51:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fde7b225fbb444d5ac709ecb73369107 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:51:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-fde7b225fbb444d5ac709ecb733691072023-11-19T10:21:41ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922023-09-011218381210.3390/electronics12183812Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control SystemsShunli Zhao0Qisen Li1Haifeng Cao2School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, ChinaNetwork attack detection is a crucial issue in cyber–physical systems. One classical type of network attack is the replay attack. Although the watermarking scheme has proven to be effective in detecting replay attacks, it may confront numerous challenges when applied to process control systems. The watermarking signal, which consists of independent and identically distributed Gaussian noise sequences, responds slowly to industrial process control systems. To address this issue, two novel smooth watermarking methods are proposed. The smooth watermarking signals exhibit low-frequency characteristics, enabling them to effectively handle large inertia processes. The proposed schemes are validated through two simulated examples. These examples indicate that the proposed methods can significantly enhance detection efficiency while minimizing additional control performance loss.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/18/3812network attackattack detectionreplay attacksmooth watermarkingsliding smooth watermarking |
| spellingShingle | Shunli Zhao Qisen Li Haifeng Cao Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control Systems Electronics network attack attack detection replay attack smooth watermarking sliding smooth watermarking |
| title | Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control Systems |
| title_full | Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control Systems |
| title_fullStr | Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control Systems |
| title_short | Improved Smooth Watermarking Methods for Detecting Replay Attacks in Process Control Systems |
| title_sort | improved smooth watermarking methods for detecting replay attacks in process control systems |
| topic | network attack attack detection replay attack smooth watermarking sliding smooth watermarking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/18/3812 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shunlizhao improvedsmoothwatermarkingmethodsfordetectingreplayattacksinprocesscontrolsystems AT qisenli improvedsmoothwatermarkingmethodsfordetectingreplayattacksinprocesscontrolsystems AT haifengcao improvedsmoothwatermarkingmethodsfordetectingreplayattacksinprocesscontrolsystems |