Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa
Background Viruses can evade immune surveillance, but the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. Here, we sought to understand the mechanisms by which natural killer (NK) cells recognize HIV-1-infected cells and how this virus can evade NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. Methods and F...
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Public Library of Science
2016
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100696 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-9445 |
| _version_ | 1811092819982417920 |
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| author | Thobakgale, Christina F. Jimenez Cruz, Camilo A. Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F. Carlson, Jonathan M. van Teijlingen, Nienke H. Mann, Jaclyn K. Jaggernath, Manjeetha Kang, Seung-gu Chung, Amy W. Schafer, Jamie L. Evans, David T. Alter, Galit Walker, Bruce D. Goulder, Philip J. Carrington, Mary Hartmann, Pia Pertel, Thomas Zhou, Ruhong Ndung'u, Thumbi Altfeld, Marcus Holzemer, Angelique Korner, Christian |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Thobakgale, Christina F. Jimenez Cruz, Camilo A. Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F. Carlson, Jonathan M. van Teijlingen, Nienke H. Mann, Jaclyn K. Jaggernath, Manjeetha Kang, Seung-gu Chung, Amy W. Schafer, Jamie L. Evans, David T. Alter, Galit Walker, Bruce D. Goulder, Philip J. Carrington, Mary Hartmann, Pia Pertel, Thomas Zhou, Ruhong Ndung'u, Thumbi Altfeld, Marcus Holzemer, Angelique Korner, Christian |
| author_sort | Thobakgale, Christina F. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Background
Viruses can evade immune surveillance, but the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. Here, we sought to understand the mechanisms by which natural killer (NK) cells recognize HIV-1-infected cells and how this virus can evade NK-cell-mediated immune pressure.
Methods and Findings
Two sequence mutations in p24 Gag associated with the presence of specific KIR/HLA combined genotypes were identified in HIV-1 clade C viruses from a large cohort of infected, untreated individuals in South Africa (n = 392), suggesting viral escape from KIR+ NK cells through sequence variations within HLA class I—presented epitopes. One sequence polymorphism at position 303 of p24 Gag (T[subscript Gag303]V), selected for in infected individuals with both KIR2DL3 and HLA-C*03:04, enabled significantly better binding of the inhibitory KIR2DL3 receptor to HLA-C*03:04-expressing cells presenting this variant epitope compared to the wild-type epitope (wild-type mean 18.01 ± 10.45 standard deviation [SD] and variant mean 44.67 ± 14.42 SD, p = 0.002). Furthermore, activation of primary KIR2DL3+ NK cells from healthy donors in response to HLA-C*03:04+ target cells presenting the variant epitope was significantly reduced in comparison to cells presenting the wild-type sequence (wild-type mean 0.78 ± 0.07 standard error of the mean [SEM] and variant mean 0.63 ± 0.07 SEM, p = 0.012). Structural modeling and surface plasmon resonance of KIR/peptide/HLA interactions in the context of the different viral sequence variants studied supported these results. Future studies will be needed to assess processing and antigen presentation of the investigated HIV-1 epitope in natural infection, and the consequences for viral control.
Conclusions
These data provide novel insights into how viruses can evade NK cell immunity through the selection of mutations in HLA-presented epitopes that enhance binding to inhibitory NK cell receptors. Better understanding of the mechanisms by which HIV-1 evades NK-cell-mediated immune pressure and the functional validation of a structural modeling approach will facilitate the development of novel targeted immune interventions to harness the antiviral activities of NK cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:28:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/100696 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:28:08Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1006962022-10-02T02:46:50Z Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa Thobakgale, Christina F. Jimenez Cruz, Camilo A. Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F. Carlson, Jonathan M. van Teijlingen, Nienke H. Mann, Jaclyn K. Jaggernath, Manjeetha Kang, Seung-gu Chung, Amy W. Schafer, Jamie L. Evans, David T. Alter, Galit Walker, Bruce D. Goulder, Philip J. Carrington, Mary Hartmann, Pia Pertel, Thomas Zhou, Ruhong Ndung'u, Thumbi Altfeld, Marcus Holzemer, Angelique Korner, Christian Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard Alter, Galit Background Viruses can evade immune surveillance, but the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. Here, we sought to understand the mechanisms by which natural killer (NK) cells recognize HIV-1-infected cells and how this virus can evade NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. Methods and Findings Two sequence mutations in p24 Gag associated with the presence of specific KIR/HLA combined genotypes were identified in HIV-1 clade C viruses from a large cohort of infected, untreated individuals in South Africa (n = 392), suggesting viral escape from KIR+ NK cells through sequence variations within HLA class I—presented epitopes. One sequence polymorphism at position 303 of p24 Gag (T[subscript Gag303]V), selected for in infected individuals with both KIR2DL3 and HLA-C*03:04, enabled significantly better binding of the inhibitory KIR2DL3 receptor to HLA-C*03:04-expressing cells presenting this variant epitope compared to the wild-type epitope (wild-type mean 18.01 ± 10.45 standard deviation [SD] and variant mean 44.67 ± 14.42 SD, p = 0.002). Furthermore, activation of primary KIR2DL3+ NK cells from healthy donors in response to HLA-C*03:04+ target cells presenting the variant epitope was significantly reduced in comparison to cells presenting the wild-type sequence (wild-type mean 0.78 ± 0.07 standard error of the mean [SEM] and variant mean 0.63 ± 0.07 SEM, p = 0.012). Structural modeling and surface plasmon resonance of KIR/peptide/HLA interactions in the context of the different viral sequence variants studied supported these results. Future studies will be needed to assess processing and antigen presentation of the investigated HIV-1 epitope in natural infection, and the consequences for viral control. Conclusions These data provide novel insights into how viruses can evade NK cell immunity through the selection of mutations in HLA-presented epitopes that enhance binding to inhibitory NK cell receptors. Better understanding of the mechanisms by which HIV-1 evades NK-cell-mediated immune pressure and the functional validation of a structural modeling approach will facilitate the development of novel targeted immune interventions to harness the antiviral activities of NK cells. 2016-01-05T01:24:51Z 2016-01-05T01:24:51Z 2015-11 2014-08 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1549-1676 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100696 Holzemer, Angelique, Christina F. Thobakgale, Camilo A. Jimenez Cruz, Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran, Jonathan M. Carlson, Nienke H. van Teijlingen, Jaclyn K. Mann, et al. “Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 P24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa.” Edited by Andrew Carr. PLOS Medicine 12, no. 11 (November 17, 2015): e1001900. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-9445 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001900 PLOS Medicine Creative Commons Attribution http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Public Library of Science Public Library of Science |
| spellingShingle | Thobakgale, Christina F. Jimenez Cruz, Camilo A. Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F. Carlson, Jonathan M. van Teijlingen, Nienke H. Mann, Jaclyn K. Jaggernath, Manjeetha Kang, Seung-gu Chung, Amy W. Schafer, Jamie L. Evans, David T. Alter, Galit Walker, Bruce D. Goulder, Philip J. Carrington, Mary Hartmann, Pia Pertel, Thomas Zhou, Ruhong Ndung'u, Thumbi Altfeld, Marcus Holzemer, Angelique Korner, Christian Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa |
| title | Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa |
| title_full | Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa |
| title_short | Selection of an HLA-C*03:04-Restricted HIV-1 p24 Gag Sequence Variant Is Associated with Viral Escape from KIR2DL3+ Natural Killer Cells: Data from an Observational Cohort in South Africa |
| title_sort | selection of an hla c 03 04 restricted hiv 1 p24 gag sequence variant is associated with viral escape from kir2dl3 natural killer cells data from an observational cohort in south africa |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100696 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-9445 |
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