Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources

Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources

The gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine particulate emission sources are assessed under cold start conditions: the fast idle and speed/load combinations representative of the 1st acceleration in the US FTP. The focus is on the accumulation mode particle number (PN) emission. The sources are non-f...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Oh, Changhoon, Cheng, Wai K.
Other Authors: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Format: Article
Published: 2019
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121564
_version_ 1826209408248446976
author Oh, Changhoon
Cheng, Wai K.
author2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
author_facet Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Oh, Changhoon
Cheng, Wai K.
author_sort Oh, Changhoon
collection MIT
description The gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine particulate emission sources are assessed under cold start conditions: the fast idle and speed/load combinations representative of the 1st acceleration in the US FTP. The focus is on the accumulation mode particle number (PN) emission. The sources are non-fuel, combustion of the premixed charge, and liquid fuel film. The non-fuel emissions are measured by operating the engine with premixed methane/air or hydrogen/air. Then the PN level is substantially lower than what is obtained with normal GDI operation; thus non-fuel contribution to PN is small. When operating with stoichiometric premixed gasoline/air, the PN level is comparable to the non-fuel level; thus premixed-stoichiometric mixture combustion does not significantly generate particulates. For fuel rich premixed gasoline/air, PN increases dramatically when lambda is less than 0.7 to 0.8. This lambda threshold does not correlate with engine speed and load; however, it increases slightly when the intake air is diluted with nitrogen. To assess the fraction of the GDI injected fuel that contributes to the PN, at fixed load and lambda, the injected gasoline is systematically reduced, with premixed methane as balance for the fuel. It is found that only a small fraction of the injected fuel contributes to the PM emissions. The fraction is dependent on the fuel amount and the rigor of the mixing process; hence it is dependent on speed, load, and timing of the injection.
first_indexed 2024-09-23T14:22:02Z
format Article
id mit-1721.1/121564
institution Massachusetts Institute of Technology
last_indexed 2024-09-23T14:22:02Z
publishDate 2019
record_format dspace
spelling mit-1721.1/1215642022-09-29T09:00:43Z Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources Oh, Changhoon Cheng, Wai K. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering The gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine particulate emission sources are assessed under cold start conditions: the fast idle and speed/load combinations representative of the 1st acceleration in the US FTP. The focus is on the accumulation mode particle number (PN) emission. The sources are non-fuel, combustion of the premixed charge, and liquid fuel film. The non-fuel emissions are measured by operating the engine with premixed methane/air or hydrogen/air. Then the PN level is substantially lower than what is obtained with normal GDI operation; thus non-fuel contribution to PN is small. When operating with stoichiometric premixed gasoline/air, the PN level is comparable to the non-fuel level; thus premixed-stoichiometric mixture combustion does not significantly generate particulates. For fuel rich premixed gasoline/air, PN increases dramatically when lambda is less than 0.7 to 0.8. This lambda threshold does not correlate with engine speed and load; however, it increases slightly when the intake air is diluted with nitrogen. To assess the fraction of the GDI injected fuel that contributes to the PN, at fixed load and lambda, the injected gasoline is systematically reduced, with premixed methane as balance for the fuel. It is found that only a small fraction of the injected fuel contributes to the PM emissions. The fraction is dependent on the fuel amount and the rigor of the mixing process; hence it is dependent on speed, load, and timing of the injection. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Engine and Fuels Research Consortium 2019-07-10T17:19:24Z 2019-07-10T17:19:24Z 2017 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1946-3944 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121564 Oh, Changhoon and Wai K. Cheng. "Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources." SAE International Journal of Engines 10, 4 (2017): pp. 1556-1565. doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 doi:10.4271/2017-01-0795 10.4271/2017-01-0795 SAE International Journal of Engines Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf Prof. Cheng via Elizabeth Soergel
spellingShingle Oh, Changhoon
Cheng, Wai K.
Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources
title Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources
title_full Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources
title_fullStr Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources
title_short Assessment of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold Start Particulate Emission Sources
title_sort assessment of gasoline direct injection engine cold start particulate emission sources
url https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121564
work_keys_str_mv AT ohchanghoon assessmentofgasolinedirectinjectionenginecoldstartparticulateemissionsources
AT chengwaik assessmentofgasolinedirectinjectionenginecoldstartparticulateemissionsources

Similar Items