Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems

Diversity and evolution of class 2 CRISPR–Cas systems

Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the discovery of novel class 2 variants and used it to identify six new CRISPR-Cas subtypes. The diverse properties of these n...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shmakov, Sergey, Smargon, Aaron Andrew, Scott, David (David Arthur), Cox, David D., Pyzocha, Neena, Yan, Winston Xia, Abudayyeh, Omar O., Gootenberg, Jonathan S, Makarova, Kira S., Wolf, Yuri I., Severinov, Konstantin, Zhang, Feng, Koonin, Eugene V.
Other Authors: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2020
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125361
Description
Summary:Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by effector modules that consist of a single multidomain protein, such as Cas9 or Cpf1. We designed a computational pipeline for the discovery of novel class 2 variants and used it to identify six new CRISPR-Cas subtypes. The diverse properties of these new systems provide potential for the development of versatile tools for genome editing and regulation. In this Analysis article, we present a comprehensive census of class 2 types and class 2 subtypes in complete and draft bacterial and archaeal genomes, outline evolutionary scenarios for the independent origin of different class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems from mobile genetic elements, and propose an amended classification and nomenclature of CRISPR-Cas. Keywords: Bacterial evolution; Bacterial genetics; CRISPR-Cas systems

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